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  1. The intravenous use of protease inhibitors in patients with acute pancreatitis is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of protease inhibitors intravenously administe...

    Authors: Takeshi Seta, Yoshinori Noguchi, Satoru Shikata and Takeo Nakayama
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:102
  2. Physical activity has been inversely associated with risk of several cancers. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between physical activity and risk of esophageal can...

    Authors: Siddharth Singh, Swapna Devanna, Jithinraj Edakkanambeth Varayil, Mohammad Hassan Murad and Prasad G Iyer
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:101
  3. The consequences of subclinical coeliac disease (CD) in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) remain unclear. We looked at growth, anthropometry and disease management in children with dual diagnosis (T1DM + CD) bef...

    Authors: Mary Mackinder, Gavin Allison, Vaios Svolos, Elaine Buchanan, Alison Johnston, Tracey Cardigan, Nicola Laird, Hazel Duncan, Karen Fraser, Christine A Edwards, Ian Craigie, Paraic McGrogan and Konstantinos Gerasimidis
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:99
  4. This study investigates the effect of glucose on the LPS-induced apoptosis of dendritic cells in the intestinal tract of mice and the dendritic cell line DC2.4.

    Authors: Mei Feng, Juan Li, Jun Wang, Chunyan Ma, Yulian Jiao, Yan Wang, Jie Zhang, Qiuying Sun, Ying Ju, Ling Gao and Yueran Zhao
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:98
  5. Carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) is the most specific serum biomarker of heavy alcohol consumption, defined as ≥ 350–420 g alcohol/week. Despite introduction of a standardized reference measurement tec...

    Authors: Kevin J Fagan, Katharine M Irvine, Brett C McWhinney, Linda M Fletcher, Leigh U Horsfall, Lambro Johnson, Peter O’Rourke, Jennifer Martin, Ian Scott, Carel J Pretorius, Jacobus PJ Ungerer and Elizabeth E Powell
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:97
  6. Cytosolic nonspecific dipetidase (CN2) belongs to the family of M20 metallopeptidases. It was stated in previous articles that higher expression levels of CN2 were observed in renal cell carcinoma and breast c...

    Authors: Conglong Xue, Zhenwei Zhang, Honglan Yu, Miao Yu, Kaitao Yuan, Ting Yang, Mingyong Miao and Hanping Shi
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:96
  7. Prevalence data is essential for planning of healthcare services. The prevalence of faecal incontinence (FI) varies worldwide, and in Malaysia is not known. We sought to estimate its prevalence among patients ...

    Authors: April C Roslani, Rajeshwary Ramakrishnan, Soraya Azmi, Daryl J Arapoc and Adrian Goh
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:95
  8. Some reports have documented the coexistence of Hepatitis B surfage Antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HBsAg antibodies (HBsAb) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), often in the absence of amino acid substitution...

    Authors: Giovanni Galati, Antonio De Vincentis, Umberto Vespasiani-Gentilucci, Paolo Gallo, Donatella Vincenti, Maria Carmela Solmone, Chiara Dell’Unto and Antonio Picardi
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:94
  9. Paneth cell metaplasia (PCM) is well described in adults but little is known about the distribution of colonic Paneth cells and the occurrence of PCM in a paediatric population. The aim of this study is to det...

    Authors: Naomi Simmonds, Mark Furman, Evi Karanika, Alan Phillips and Alan WH Bates
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:93
  10. This paper describes trends in colorectal cancer incidence, survival and mortality from 1994 to 2010 in Ireland prior to the introduction of population-based screening.

    Authors: Nicholas Clarke, Joseph McDevitt, Patricia M Kearney and Linda Sharp
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:92
  11. The acid-suppressive agents have been linked with an increased risk of infectious disease. The relationship between these drugs and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (TB) was not been reported.

    Authors: Wen-Hung Hsu, Chao-Hung Kuo, Sophie SW Wang, Chien-Yu Lu, Chung-Jung Liu, Seng-Kee Chuah, Fu-Chen Kuo, Yen-Hsu Chen, Yaw-Bin Huang, Ming-Feng Hou, Deng-Chyang Wu and Huang-Ming Hu
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:91
  12. Colon cancer can arise from the mucosa in a colonic diverticulum. Although colon diverticulum is a common disease, few cases have been previously reported on colon cancer associated with a diverticulum. We rep...

    Authors: Yasumichi Yagi, Yasuhiro Shoji, Shozo Sasaki, Akemi Yoshikawa, Yuji Tsukioka, Wataru Fukushima, Hisashi Hirosawa, Ryohei Izumi and Katsuhiko Saito
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:90
  13. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined as a spectrum of conditions ranging from hepatocellular steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis, progressing to cirrhosis, which occur in the absence of e...

    Authors: Tarak K Chheda, Pratibha Shivakumar, Satish Kumar Sadasivan, Harish Chanderasekharan, Yogananda Moolemath, Anup M Oommen, Jagannath R Madanahalli and Venkataranganna V Marikunte
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:89
  14. Pathogenesis of gallstones (GS) is multifactorial and multiple genetic and environmental factors have been identified in different populations for different types of GS with varying prevalence. However the rol...

    Authors: Harshi TW Weerakoon, Jamburagoda GS Ranasinghe, Ayanthi Navaratna, Ramaiah Sivakanesan, Kuda B Galketiya and Shanthini Rosairo
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:88
  15. The combination of boceprevir or telaprevir with peginterferon-alfa and ribavirin for the treatment of patients infected with HCV genotype 1 has led to significantly increased rates of sustained virological re...

    Authors: Malte H Wehmeyer, Friederike Eißing, Sabine Jordan, Claudia Röder, Annette Hennigs, Olaf Degen, Anja Hüfner, Sandra Hertling, Stefan Schmiedel, Martina Sterneck, Jan van Lunzen, Ansgar W Lohse, Julian Schulze zur Wiesch and Stefan Lüth
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:87
  16. Adult intussusception is a rare clinical condition worldwide. It contributes to less than 5% of all cases of intussusception. Few studies have been conducted in low-income countries compared to high-income cou...

    Authors: Peter A Ongom, Christopher K Opio and Stephen C Kijjambu
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:86
  17. The natural course of Crohn’s disease (CD), with continuing relapses and remissions, leads to irreversible intestinal damage. Early adoption of immunomodulator therapy has been proposed in order to address thi...

    Authors: Min Seob Kwak, Duk Hwan Kim, Soo Jung Park, Tae Il Kim, Sung Pil Hong, Won Ho Kim and Jae Hee Cheon
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:85
  18. This study investigated the survival benefits of sorafenib vs. radiotherapy (RT) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) in the main trunk or the fi...

    Authors: Takahide Nakazawa, Hisashi Hidaka, Akitaka Shibuya, Yusuke Okuwaki, Yoshiaki Tanaka, Juichi Takada, Tsutomu Minamino, Masaaki Watanabe, Shigehiro Kokubu and Wasaburo Koizumi
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:84
  19. Serrated lesions of the colorectum as categorized by pathology include hyperplastic polyps, sessile serrated adenomas without dysplasia, and traditional serrated adenomas with dysplasia. The aim of this study ...

    Authors: Hyun Young Kim, Seon Mie Kim, Ji-Hyun Seo, Eun-Ha Park, Nayoung Kim and Dong Ho Lee
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:82
  20. Chronic oxidative stress is one of the key mechanisms responsible for disease progression in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, so far, few studies reported increased circulating levels of oxidative s...

    Authors: Maria Del Ben, Licia Polimeni, Roberto Carnevale, Simona Bartimoccia, Cristina Nocella, Francesco Baratta, Lorenzo Loffredo, Pasquale Pignatelli, Francesco Violi and Francesco Angelico
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:81
  21. The long-term efficacy of infliximab (IFX) for patients with refractory ulcerative colitis (UC) is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term outcomes of IFX treatment in patients with refracto...

    Authors: Satoshi Yamada, Takuya Yoshino, Minoru Matsuura, Naoki Minami, Takahiko Toyonaga, Yusuke Honzawa, Yoshihisa Tsuji and Hiroshi Nakase
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:80
  22. Glucocorticoids (GCS) remain one of the mainstay treatments in the management of ulcerative colitis (UC) but up to a third of patients will ultimately fail to respond and progress to a more severe and difficul...

    Authors: Nikolai V Kuznetsov, Arezou Zargari, Alexander W Gielen, Oliver D von Stein, Eugen Musch, Ragnar Befrits, Robert Lofberg and Petra von Stein
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:79
  23. Cyclin E is a cell cycle regulator which is critical for driving G1/S transition. Abnormal levels of cyclin E have been found in many cancers. However, the level changes of cyclin E in esophageal adenocarcinom...

    Authors: Zhongren Zhou, Santhoshi Bandla, Jiqing Ye, Yinglin Xia, Jianwen Que, James D Luketich, Arjun Pennathur, Jeffrey H Peters, Dongfeng Tan and Tony E Godfrey
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:78
  24. To investigate whether anxiety and depression levels are associated with Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) induction in the colon of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).

    Authors: Ilias I Vlachos, Calypso Barbatis, Maria Tsopanomichalou, Lydia Abou-Assabeh, Konstantinos Goumas, Maria Ginieri-Coccossis, Marina Economou, George N Papadimitriou, Efstratios Patsouris and Polyxeni Nicolopoulou-Stamati
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:77
  25. Acute colonic obstruction is the most common complication of colorectal cancer (CRC) in elderly patients. Medical treatment has been associated with higher perioperative morbidity and mortality rates. There is...

    Authors: Ming-gao Guo, Yi Feng, Jia-zhe Liu, Qi Zheng, Jian-zhong Di, Yu Wang, You-ben Fan and Xin-Yu Huang
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:76
  26. The infant microbiota may play a pathogenic role in coeliac disease (CD). Antibiotic treatment in pregnancy is common and could significantly impact the infant microbiota. In this study, we aimed to investigat...

    Authors: Karl Mårild, Johnny Ludvigsson, Yolanda Sanz and Jonas F Ludvigsson
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:75
  27. The search for better non-invasive biomarkers for gastric cancer remains ongoing. We investigated the predictive power of serum trefoil factor (TFF) levels as biomarkers for gastric cancer in comparison with t...

    Authors: Zhigang Huang, Xie Zhang, Hongna Lu, Lina Wu, Danping Wang, Qiubo Zhang and Huaxin Ding
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:74
  28. KRAS mutations are frequently found in colorectal cancer (CRC) indicating the importance of its genotyping in the study of the molecular mechanisms behind this disease. Although major advances have occurred over...

    Authors: Carlos Gil Ferreira, Veronica Aran, Ilana Zalcberg-Renault, Ana Paula Victorino, Jonas H Salem, Martin H Bonamino, Fernando M Vieira and Mariano Zalis
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:73
  29. Stomach is an integral part of the energy balance regulating circuit. Studies exploring the effects of cross-system changes in the energy homeostasis in stomach tissue are scarce. The proximity of the stomach ...

    Authors: Rohini Mehta, Aybike Birerdinc, Lei Wang, Zahra Younoszai, Amir Moazzez, Hazem Elariny, Zachary Goodman, Vikas Chandhoke, Ancha Baranova and Zobair M Younossi
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:72
  30. Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is characterized by unpredictable attacks of debilitating subcutaneous and mucosal edema. Gastrointestinal attacks are painful, of sudden onset and often mistaken for acute abdomen ...

    Authors: Eitan Rubinstein, Leslie E Stolz, Albert L Sheffer, Chris Stevens and Athos Bousvaros
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:71
  31. Current literature has demonstrated that host glutamine depletion facilitates tumorigenesis. Likewise, the glutamine transporter SLC38A1 is putatively associated with malignant transformation and tumor progres...

    Authors: Jing Xie, Ping Li, Hui-feng Gao, Jian-xin Qian, Ling-Yan Yuan and Jie-jun Wang
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:70
  32. Fibre intake among North Americans is currently less than half the recommended amount. Consumers are interested in food products that could promote weight loss and improve health. Consequently, evaluation of u...

    Authors: Jennifer E Lambert, Jill A Parnell, Jay Han, Troy Sturzenegger, Heather A Paul, Hans J Vogel and Raylene A Reimer
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:69
  33. Therapeutic gene transfer is currently being evaluated as a potential therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. This study investigates the safety and therapeutic benefit of a locally administered lentiviral vec...

    Authors: Hiroshi Matsumoto, Kazunori Haga, Izumi Ohno, Kei Hiraoka, Takahiro Kimura, Kip Hermann, Noriyuki Kasahara, Peter Anton and Ian McGowan
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:68
  34. Gastric cancer (GC), an aggressive malignant tumor of the alimentary tract, is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Circadian rhythm exhibits a 24-hour variation in physiological processes and behavior, su...

    Authors: Ming-Luen Hu, Kun-Tu Yeh, Pai-Mei Lin, Cheng-Ming Hsu, Hui-Hua Hsiao, Yi-Chang Liu, Hugo You-Hsien Lin, Sheng-Fung Lin and Ming-Yu Yang
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:67
  35. Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity is associated with a high rate of gram-negative enteric bacterial infection; however, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. APAP overdose induces massive hepatocyte nec...

    Authors: Runkuan Yang, Xiaoping Zou, Jyrki Tenhunen, Shengtao Zhu, Henri Kajander, Marja-Leena Koskinen and Tor Inge Tonnessen
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:66
  36. Although cardiovascular disease is thouht to be common in cirrhosis, there are no systematic investigations on the prevalence of electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in these patients and data on the occur...

    Authors: Axel Josefsson, Michael Fu, Einar Björnsson and Evangelos Kalaitzakis
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:65
  37. There is a large consensus to preserve the distance of 5 cm above the proximal border of the lower esophageal sphincter (PBLES) as appropriate to the location of the electrode of the pH-metry. The main objecti...

    Authors: Valter Nilton Felix, Ioshiaki Yogi, Daniel Senday, Fernando Tadeu Vannucci Coimbra, David Pares, Vinicius Garcia and Carlos Eduardo Garcia
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:64
  38. Some patients with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) have symptoms of constipation, but bowel function in PWS has never been systematically evaluated. The aim of the present study was to describe colorectal function...

    Authors: Louise Kuhlmann, Iben Moeller Joensson, Jens Broendum Froekjaer, Klaus Krogh and Stense Farholt
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:63
  39. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal and prevalent cancers in human population. The 6-fluoro-3-formylchromone (FCC) has been shown to have anti-tumor activity against various tumor cells. H...

    Authors: Yijie Zhang, Kailian Zheng, Hongli Yan, Gang Jin, Chenghao Shao, Xuyu Zhou, Yingqi Zhou and Tianlin He
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:62

    The Retraction Note to this article has been published in BMC Gastroenterology 2015 15:39

  40. Ajmaline is a pharmaceutical agent now administered globally for a variety of indications, particularly investigation of suspected Brugada syndrome. There have been previous reports suggesting that repetitive ...

    Authors: Benjamin H Mullish, Rishi K Fofaria, Belinda C Smith, Kirsty Lloyd, Josephine Lloyd, Robert D Goldin and Ameet Dhar
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:60
  41. Celiac disease (CD) is a major public health problem with estimated 1-3% prevalence in the general population. In recent years an increase in CD prevalence has been reported both in Sweden and worldwide. This ...

    Authors: Fredinah Namatovu, Olof Sandström, Cecilia Olsson, Marie Lindkvist and Anneli Ivarsson
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:59
  42. Behcet’s disease (BD) is a multisystem disease of unknown etiology. There are several clues which may indicate an ethiopathogenesis role for Helicobacter pylori infection in this disease.

    Authors: Kamran B Lankarani, Mohammad Reza Ravanbod, Elham Aflaki, Mohammad Ali Nazarinia and Akbar Rajaee
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:58
  43. European Panel on the Appropriateness of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (EPAGE) criteria have been developed to increase diagnostic yield, but their predictive value is limited. We investigated the incremental dia...

    Authors: Emanuel Burri, Michael Manz, Patricia Schroeder, Florian Froehlich, Livio Rossi, Christoph Beglinger and Frank Serge Lehmann
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:57
  44. In patients with incomplete colonoscopy, cecal intubation is sometimes unsuccessful due to a redundant or tortuous colon. Repeat colonoscopy may be successful with the use of alternate endoscopes or careful at...

    Authors: Andrew J Gawron, Annapoorani Veerappan and Rajesh N Keswani
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:56
  45. Methylation-induced silencing of promoter CpG islands in tumor suppressor genes plays an important role in human carcinogenesis. In colorectal cancer, the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) is defined as w...

    Authors: Marie Loh, Natalia Liem, Aparna Vaithilingam, Pei Li Lim, Nur Sabrina Sapari, Eiram Elahi, Zuan Yu Mok, Chee Leong Cheng, Benedict Yan, Brendan Pang, Manuel Salto-Tellez, Wei Peng Yong, Barry Iacopetta and Richie Soong
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:55
  46. Diarrhea is a major public health concern throughout the world because the prevalence of morbidity of diarrhea has not changed significantly in the past decade. It remains the third leading cause of death amon...

    Authors: Hendra Salim, Iu Putu Gede Karyana, Iu Gusti Ngurah Sanjaya-Putra, Soetjiningsih Budiarsa and Yati Soenarto
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:54
  47. Patients aged 65 years and older represent the majority of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, this patient population is often underrepresented in clinical trials and probably undertre...

    Authors: Lubomir Slavicek, Tomas Pavlik, Jiri Tomasek, Zbynek Bortlicek, Tomas Buchler, Bohuslav Melichar, Rostislav Vyzula, Jana Prausova, Jindrich Finek, Ondrej Majek and Ladislav Dusek
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:53
  48. Gastric cancer is a major contributor to cancer deaths in Zambia but, as elsewhere, no preventive strategies have been identified. We set out to investigate the possibility of reducing gastric atrophy, a prema...

    Authors: Violet Kayamba, Mumba Chomba and Paul Kelly
    Citation: BMC Gastroenterology 2014 14:52

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