A novel imaging index for predicting adverse progression in acute-on-chronic liver failure related to hepatitis B virus: the low erector spine index

Table 3 Risk factors associated with ESI in HBV-ACLF patients

Parameters	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
Parameters	OR	95% CI	P value	OR	95% CI	P value
Age, per year	1.01	0.97–1.07	0.566
Gender (male vs. female^‡)	1.33	0.27–6.56	0.723
Bilirubin, per 1 mg/dl	1.03	0.96–1.11	0.372
Albumin, per 1 g/L	0.89	0.78–1.01	0.076
Creatinine, per 1 µmol/L	1.01	0.98–1.04	0.520
INR, per 1 unit	0.84	0.48–1.47	0.543
ALT, per 1 U/L	1.00	1.00–1.00	0.223
AST, per 1 U/L	1.00	1.00–1.00	0.597
GGT, per 1 U/L	1.00	0.99–1.01	0.673
Hemoglobin, per 1 g/L	0.99	0.97–1.02	0.557
Serum Ammonia, per 1 mmol/L	0.99	0.96–1.01	0.986
Hepatic encephalopathy (yes vs.no^‡)	4.17	1.15–5.04	0.029	2.26	2.05–3.18	0.006
Sepsis (yes vs.no^‡)	0.90	0.30–2.69	0.850
SBP (yes vs.no^‡)	2.87	0.99–8.37	0.053	3.95	1.01–5.46	0.037
Ascites (yes vs.no^‡)	1.60	0.61–2.24	0.127
Respiratory infections (yes vs.no^‡)	1.24	0.40–3.83	0.711
Kidney dysfunction (yes vs.no^‡)	3.11	1.06–9.18	0.040	4.47	1.02–9.64	0.032
MELD, per 1 unit	1.01	0.98–1.23	0.794
MELD-Na, per 1 unit	1.01	0.95–1.06	0.835

^‡: reference value. Abbreviations. OR: odds ratio, CI: confidence interval, INR: international normalized ratio, ALT: alanine transaminase, AST: aspartate transaminase, GGT: γ-glutamyl transferase, HE: hepatic encephalopathy, SBP: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, MELD: model for end-stage liver disease, MELD-Na: MELD-Sodium.

ISSN: 1471-230X