Table 1 Schematic overview of the biomarkers and their neo-epitope targets

PRO-C3

N-terminal pro-peptide of type III collagen

Type III collagen formation

6.10 – 50.00 ng/mL

PC3X

Cross-linked N-terminal pro-peptide of type III collagen

Cross-linked type III collagen formation

5.80 – 72.16 ng/mL

C3M

MMP-9 mediated degradation of type III collagen

Type III collagen degradation

6.52 – 183.84 ng/mL

CTX-III

C-telopeptide of cross-linked and protease-degraded type III collagen

Degradation of cross-linked type III collagen

0.92 – 15.94 ng/mL

PRO-C4

Internal epitope in the 7S domain of type IV collagen

Type IV collagen formation

24.10 – 3156.00 ng/mL

C4M

MMP-2, -9, -12 mediated degradation of type IV collagen α1 chain

Type IV collagen degradation

8.80 – 288.00 ng/mL

PRO-C5

released C-terminal pro-peptide of type V collagen

Type V collagen formation

254.5 – 5600.0 ng/mL

PRO-C6

C-terminal of the released C5 domain of type VI collagen α3 chain (endotrophin)

Type VI collagen formation

0.80 – 135.20 ng/mL

C6M

MMP-2 mediated degradation of type VI collagen

Type VI degradation

2.60—235.00 ng/mL

VICM

Neo-epitope of MMP-2, -8 and trypsin-mediated degradation of citrullinated vimentin

Mφ degraded vimentin

0.68 – 85.30 ng/mL

VIM

Neo-epitope of MMP-2 and -8 degraded non-citrullinated vimentin

Non-citrullinated vimentin degradation

1.28 – 73.70 ng/mL

CPa9-HNE

Human neutrophil elastase degraded calprotectin

Human neutrophil elastase degradation of calprotectin

36.30 – 1970.00 ng/mL