Fig. 8

Construction and evaluation of the four machine models: RF, SVM, GLM, and XGB. Cumulative residual distribution of the four machine learning models A. Boxplots exhibited the magnitude of the residuals across the respective machine learning models, red dots indicated the root mean square of residuals (RMSE) B. Feature expression of the four machine-learning models C. The fivefold cross ROC analysis curve validates the RF, SVM, GLM, and XGB machine learning models D