Table 2 Baseline general characteristics and dietary intakes of study participants by tertile of total dietary fiber intake

Cases, n (%)

77 (43)

45 (25)

58 (32)

0.002

Men, n (%)

55 (29%)

57 (30%)

78 (41%)

0.017

Age (y)

54 ± 14

53 ± 13

52 ± 12

0.343

Alcohol drinker

4 (36%)

1 (9%)

6 (55%)

0.173

Smoker, %

26 (37)

18 (26)

26 (37)

0.365

IPAQ level, %

0.079

1

142 (37)

123 (32)

120 (31)

2

27 (24)

42 (37)

44 (39)

3

3 (20)

5 (33)

7 (47)

Weight, kg

71 ± 13

73 ± 11

74 ± 12

0.051

Height, cm

163 ± 8

164 ± 8

165 ± 9

0.132

BMI, kg/m²

26 ± 4

27 ± 4

27 ± 4

0.239

Calorie intake (Kcal/d)

2008 ± 551

2333 ± 473

2732 ± 644

 < 0.001

Carbohydrate %

47 ± 8

49 ± 7

52 ± ‌ 7

 < 0.001

Protein%

12 ± 3

12.5 ± 2

13 ± 2

0.075

Fat%

45 ± 12

42 ± 8

38 ± 7

 < 0.001

Total fiber (g/d)

18 ± 4

29 ± 3

47 ± 11

 < 0.001

Total fiber (g/1000 kcal)

9 ± 2

13 ± 3

18 ± 4

 < 0.001

Soluble fiber (g/d)

0.4 ± 0.3

0.7 ± 0.4

0.7 ± 0.5

 < 0.001

Insoluble fiber (g/d)

2 ± 1

3 ± 2

3.6 ± 2

 < 0.001