Table 1 Baseline general characteristics and dietary intakes of study participants
From: Dietary fiber intake and risk of gallstone: a case–control study
Total (n = 531) | Case (n = 189) | Control (n = 342) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Men, n (%) | 202 (38%) | 55 (29%) | 147 (43%) | 0.002 |
Age (y) | 53 ± 13 | 55 ± 15 | 52 ± 12 | 0.005 |
Alcohol drinker | 13 (2.4%) | 6 (3.2%) | 7 (2%) | 0.559 |
Smoker, % | 78 (15%) | 31 (16%) | 47 (14%) | 0.443 |
IPAQ level, % | < 0.001 | |||
1 | 400 (75%) | 174 (92%) | 226 (66%) | |
2 | 115 (22%) | 10 (5%) | 105 (31%) | |
3 | 16 (3%) | 5 (3%) | 11 (3%) | |
Weight, kg | 73 ± 12 | 72 ± 13 | 73 ± 11 | 0.637 |
Height, cm | 164 ± 9 | 163 ± 8 | 165 ± 9 | 0.262 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 26.8 ± 4 | 26.9 ± 5 | 26.7 ± 4 | 0.645 |
Calorie intake (Kcal/d) | 2387 ± 665 | 2426 ± 724 | 2365 ± 630 | 0.320 |
Carbohydrate % | 49 ± 7 | 49.5 ± 9 | 49 ± 7 | 0.883 |
Protein% | 12 ± 2 | 12 ± 3 | 13 ± 2 | 0.287 |
Fat% | 41 ± 10 | 42 ± 13 | 40 ± 7 | 0.040 |
Total fiber (g/d) | 31 ± 14 | 29 ± 14 | 32 ± 13 | 0.007 |
Total fiber (g/1000 kcal) | 13 ± 5 | 12 ± 5 | 14 ± 4 | 0.001 |
Soluble fiber (g/d) | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 0.080 |
Insoluble fiber (g/d) | 3.1 ± 2 | 2.7 ± 1.7 | 3.3 ± 2.1 | < 0.001 |