Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analyses for OS and DFS before and after propensity score matching

Analysis for OS (before matching)

Analysis for OS (after matching)

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

Age ≥ 68 years (vs < 68 years)

2.38 (1.47 − 3.86)

 < 0.001

1.75 (1.07 − 2.89)

0.027

3.02 (1.30 − 7.04)

0.01

3.45 (1.45 − 8.24)

0.005

Male (vs Female)

1.69 (1.08 − 2.66)

0.023

1.58 (0.99 − 2.51)

0.054

1.44 (0.83 − 2.51)

0.199

BMI ≥ 18 kg/m2 (vs < 18 kg/m2)

1.43 (0.62 − 3.28)

0.395

1.05 (0.45 − 2.44)

0.913

CCI ≥ 1 (vs < 1)

1.96 (1.26 − 3.06)

0.003

1.22 (0.75 − 1.98)

0.413

1.82 (0.98 − 3.38)

0.057

1.74 (0.89 − 3.41)

0.105

ASA-PS ≥ 3 (vs < 3)

4.29 (2.76 − 6.67)

 < 0.001

3.42 (2.11 − 5.54)

 < 0.001

3.25 (1.92 − 5.50)

 < 0.001

2.25 (1.27 − 3.98)

0.005

High NPS (vs Low NPS)

2.76 (1.81 − 4.21)

 < 0.001

1.69 (1.08 − 2.64)

0.021

2.23 (1.30 − 3.84)

0.004

2.23 (1.27 − 3.89)

0.005

Rectum (vs Colon)

0.83 (0.54 − 1.28)

0.393

0.66 (0.37 − 1.19)

0.166

Undifferentiated (vs Differentiated)

4.34 (2.24 − 8.38)

 < 0.001

3.22 (1.61 − 6.43)

 < 0.001

3.59 (1.70 − 7.58)

 < 0.001

5.32 (2.28 − 12.4)

 < 0.001

T stage ≥ 3 (vs < 2)

1.85 (1.18 − 2.89)

0.007

1.07 (0.65 − 1.76)

0.789

1.12 (0.64 − 1.96)

0.688

N stage ≥ 1 (vs 0)

1.87 (1.22 − 2.87)

0.004

1.82 (1.14 − 2.88)

0.011

1.42 (0.83 − 2.42)

0.204

Stage III (vs I and II)

1.87 (1.22 − 2.87)

0.004

1.42 (0.83 − 2.42)

0.204

Open Surgery (vs Laparoscopy)

2.30 (1.51 − 3.51)

 < 0.001

1.54 (0.91 − 2.62)

0.109

1.58 (0.94 − 2.68)

0.087

1.26 (0.72 − 2.21)

0.42

Blood loss ≥ 100 mL (vs < 100 mL)

1.88 (1.23 − 2.86)

0.003

1.32 (0.78 − 2.22)

0.299

1.41 (0.84 − 2.36)

0.2

Transfusion

1.42 (0.66 − 3.07)

0.374

0.85 (0.31 − 2.35)

0.754

Operation time ≥ 185 min (vs < 185 min)

1.04 (0.65 − 1.66)

0.873

0.69 (0.40 − 1.19)

0.177

Severe complications

1.51 (0.91 − 2.50)

0.115

1.51 (0.81 − 2.79)

0.193

Adjuvant chemotherapy

0.91 (0.58 − 1.42)

0.674

0.54 (0.30 − 0.99)

0.046

0.63 (0.33 − 1.23)

0.17

Analysis for DFS (before matching)

Analysis for DFS (after matching)

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

Age ≥ 68 years (vs < 68 years)

1.28 (0.79 − 2.08)

0.32

1.28 (0.59 − 2.79)

0.531

Male (vs Female)

1.45 (0.89 − 2.38)

0.14

1.05 (0.55 − 2.00)

0.884

BMI ≥ 18 kg/m2 (vs < 18 kg/m2)

1.76 (0.64 − 4.84)

0.27

2.27 (0.55 − 9.41)

0.26

CCI ≥ 1 (vs < 1)

1.11 (0.69 − 1.77)

0.669

0.79 (0.41 − 1.51)

0.477

ASA-PS ≥ 3 (vs < 3)

0.97 (0.47 − 2.04)

0.944

0.53 (0.19 − 1.50)

0.235

High NPS (vs Low NPS)

1.81 (1.11 − 2.97)

0.018

1.26 (0.75 − 2.11)

0.377

1.85 (0.97 − 3.53)

0.062

1.97 (1.02 − 3.78)

0.043

Rectum (vs Colon)

1.33 (0.83 − 2.12)

0.239

0.95 (0.49 − 1.85)

0.884

Undifferentiated (vs Differentiated)

1.87 (0.68 − 5.12)

0.227

1.88 (0.58 − 6.13)

0.294

T stage ≥ 3 (vs < 2)

5.54 (2.84 − 10.8)

 < 0.001

3.26 (1.59 − 6.67)

0.001

4.91 (1.75 − 13.8)

0.003

3.07 (1.02 − 9.27)

0.047

N stage ≥ 1 (vs 0)

4.59 (2.84 − 7.40)

 < 0.001

3.15 (1.77 − 5.61)

 < 0.001

4.56 (2.39 − 8.69)

 < 0.001

3.44 (1.59 − 7.34)

0.002

Stage III (vs I and II)

4.59 (2.84 − 7.40)

 < 0.001

4.56 (2.39 − 8.69)

 < 0.001

Open Surgery (vs Laparoscopy)

2.28 (1.42 − 3.67)

 < 0.001

2.11 (1.12 − 3.97)

0.02

1.71 (0.90 − 3.23)

0.1

Blood loss ≥ 100 mL (vs < 100 mL)

1.78 (1.11 − 2.86)

0.017

0.75 (0.40 − 1.43)

0.385

1.30 (0.69 − 2.46)

0.421

Transfusion

2.49 (1.24 − 5.01)

0.011

1.48 (0.71 − 3.10)

0.296

1.76 (0.69 − 4.49)

0.239

Operation time ≥ 185 min (vs < 185 min)

1.94 (1.04 − 3.61)

0.037

1.95 (1.01 − 3.77)

0.046

1.35 (0.62 − 2.93)

0.454

Severe complications

1.39 (0.77 − 2.50)

0.271

1.40 (0.64 − 3.05)

0.394

Adjuvant chemotherapy

3.38 (2.09 − 5.47)

 < 0.001

1.08 (0.60 − 1.94)

0.809

2.68 (1.42 − 5.07)

0.002

0.99 (0.45 − 2.14)

0.97