Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients that underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) for malignant biliary obstruction.
Onset of cholangitis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
No cholangitis n = 217 (36.9%) | Before PTBD n = 156 (26.5%) | After PTBD n = 215 (36.6%) | P valuea | |
Age, y; mean (SD [range]) | 71 (10 [40 − 91]) | 70 (11[38 − 90]) | 69 (12 [26 − 93]) | 0.097b |
Sex, male | 93 (42.9) | 93 (59.6) | 114 (53.0) | 0.005 |
Comorbidities | 0.26 | |||
0 | 68 (31.3) | 46 (29.5) | 58 (27.0) | |
1–2 | 104 (47.9) | 65 (41.7) | 110 (51.2) | |
> 2 | 45 (20.7) | 45 (28.8) | 47 (21.9) | |
ECOG PS | < 0.001 | |||
0–1 | 100 (46.1) | 45 (28.8) | 116 (54.0) | |
2 | 69 (31.8) | 54 (34.6) | 56 (26.0) | |
3–4 | 48 (22.1) | 57 (36.5) | 43 (20.0) | |
ASA classc | 0.16 | |||
1–2 | 46 (21.6) | 34 (22.2) | 65 (30.7) | |
3 | 143 (67.1) | 99 (64.7) | 129 (60.8) | |
4 | 24 (11.3) | 20 (13.1) | 18 (8.5) | |
Type of cancer | 0.043 | |||
Pancreatic cancer | 107 (49.3) | 69 (44.2) | 82 (38.1) | |
Biliary tract cancer | 70 (32.3) | 54 (34.6) | 98 (45.6) | |
Metastatic gastrointestinal cancer | 40 (18.4) | 33 (21.2) | 35 (16.3) | |
Level of bile duct obstruction | 0.029 | |||
Upper (hilum) | 75 (34.6) | 65 (41.7) | 107 (49.8) | |
Middle (common hepatic duct) | 49 (22.6) | 33 (21.2) | 42 (19.5) | |
Lower (common bile duct) | 93 (42.9) | 58 (37.2) | 66 (30.7) | |
Bilirubin level after PTBD <60.0 µmol/Ld | 74 (40.0) | 67 (45.0) | 80 (38.1) | 0.42 |
Severity of cholangitise | 0.15 | |||
Mild | 104 (66.7) | 163 (75.8) | ||
Moderate | 41 (26.3) | 42 (19.5) | ||
Severe | 11 (7.1) | 10 (4.7) | ||
Complications of PTBD | 62 (28.6) | 72 (46.2) | 105 (48.8) | < 0.001 |
Bleeding | 53 (24.4) | 58 (37.2) | 87 (40.5) | < 0.001 |
Otherf | 8 (3.7) | 20 (12.8) | 21 (9.8) | 0.004 |