Lifestyle factors associated with inflammatory bowel disease: data from the Swiss IBD cohort study

BMC Gastroenterology

Table 4 Nutritional habits during the first years of life

	CD (n = 610)	UC/IC (n = 468)	Controls (n = 365)	p-value CD versus UC/IC	p-value IBD versus controls
Did you regularly drink cow’s milk during the first years of your life
Packed (super market) [n (%)]	208 (34.1)	145 (31)	187 (51.2)	0.280	0.001
Directly from the farm [n (%)]	158 (25.9)	118 (25.2)	62 (17)	0.798	0.003
Yes one or the other [n (%)]	92 (15.1)	81 (17.3)	58 (15.9)	0.324	0.612
No [n (%)]	38 (6.2)	32 (6.8)	18 (4.9)	0.688	0.514
I don’t know [n (%)]	115 (18.8)	94 (20.1)	39 (10.7)
What kind of milk did you drink in the first years
Whole milk 3.5% fat [n (%)]	305 (50)	249 (53.2)	198 (54.3)	0.297	0.371
Semi-skimmed milk 1.5% fat [n (%)]	57 (9.3)	49 (10.5)	53 (14.5)	0.538	0.04
Skimmed milk < 0.3% [n (%)]	5 (0.8)	4 (0.9)	4 (1.1)	0.950	0.900
Raw milk [n (%)]	88 (14.4)	78 (16.7)	51 (14)	0.312	0.478
Milk without lactose [n (%)]	3 (0.5)	0	0	0.129	0.128
Soy milk [n (%)]	3 (0.5)	2 (0.4)	4 (1.1)	0.877	0.412
I don’t know [n (%)]	158 (26)	110 (23.8)	69 (19.1)
Did you tolerate the milk well
Yes [n (%)]	398 (65.3)	343 (73.3)	279 (76.4)	0.005	0.001
No [n (%)]	131 (21.5)	74 (15.8)	62 (17)	0.019	0.041
I don’t know [n (%)]	73 (12)	44 (9.4)	17 (4.7)
What are the symptoms that you had after consuming milk
Bloating [n (%)]	60 (9.8)	37 (7.9)	32 (8.8)	0.272	0.541
Pain [n (%)]	29 (4.7)	17 (3.6)	11 (3)	0.366	0.367
Diarrhea [n (%)]	63 (10.3)	21 (4.5)	19 (5.2)	0.001	0.001
Nausea [n (%)]	30 (4.9)	15 (3.2)	17 (4.7)	0.163	0.360
Other [n (%)]	83 (13.6)	62 (13.3)	34 (9.3)	0.864	0.115
I don’t know [n (%)]	90 (14.8)	64 (13.7)	24 (6.6)

All tests were two-sided, with a P value of less than 0.05 considered to indicate statistical significance. These results are highlighted in bold

ISSN: 1471-230X