Survival outcomes of patients with concomitant acute variceal bleeding and acute coronary syndrome, and the role of antiplatelet agents: an institutional experience from a lower middle-income Country

Table 1 Characteristics of study population

Baseline characteristics	Total (n = 29)	Survivor group (n = 22)	Non-survivor group (n = 7)	Significance (P-value)
Gender				1.000
Male	19 (65.5)	14 (63.6)	5 (71.4)
Female	10 (34.5)	8 (36.4)	2 (28.6)
Co-morbidities
Hypertension	22 (75.9)	17 (77.3)	5 (71.4)	1.000
Ischemic heart disease	13 (44.8)	10 (45.5)	3 (42.9)	1.000
Diabetes mellitus	19 (65.5)	16 (72.7)	3 (42.9)	0.193
Chronic kidney disease	1 (3.4)	0	1 (14.3)	0.241
ACS				0.569
STEMI	5 (17.2)	3 (13.6)	2 (28.6)
NSTEMI	24 (82.8)	19 (86.4)	5 (71.4)
Etiology of cirrhosis
Hepatitis C	15 (51.7)	11 (50.0)	4 (57.1)	1.000
Hepatitis B	3 (10.3)	1 (4.5)	2 (28.6)	0.136
Alcoholic liver disease	2 (6.9)	1 (4.5)	1 (14.3)	0.431
NBNC chronic liver disease	9 (31.0)	9 (41.0)	0	0.066
Ascites				0.215
Present	14 (48.3)	9 (40.9)	5 (71.4)
Absent	15 (51.7)	13 (59.1)	2 (28.6)
Size of varices				0.052
Large	27 (93.1)	22 (100.0)	5 (71.4)
Small	2 (6.9)	0	2 (28.6)	1.000
Site
GOV/ IGV 1/ IGV 2	26 (89.7)	2 (9.1)	6 (85.7)
Absent				0.410
Active bleeding	3 (10.3)	20 (90.9)	1 (14.3)
Yes	16 (55.2)	11 (50.0)	5 (71.4)
No	13 (44.8)	11 (50.0)	2 (28.6)
Decompensation				0.367
Present	19 (65.5)	13 (59.1)	6 (85.7)
Absent	10 (34.5)	9 (40.9)	1 (14.3)
Anti-platelet usage				0.147
Yes	7(24.1)	7 (31.8)	0
No	22 (75.9)	15 (68.2)	7 (100.0)

All categorical variables are reported as numbers (percentages).
UGB Upper Gastro-intestinal bleeding, ACS Acute coronary syndrome, GOV Gastroesophageal varices, IGV Isolated gastric varices, AVB Acute variceal bleeding. Chi-squared test was used for categorical variables. *P-values are significant (< 0.05)

ISSN: 1471-230X