Table 2 The inclusion and exclusion criteria for 16 included studies

Halligan [24]

All patients were known to have colorectal polyps, proven by intraindividual, same-day total colonoscopy, which immediately followed computed tomographic colonography (CTC). The histological diagnosis of resected polyps is the gold standard

Patients with inherited polyposis syndromes were excluded, as were patients with cancer (because detection was to be focused on polyps)

Petrick [38]

NR

NR

Tischendorf [39]

A total of 641 patients underwent colonoscopy during a period of 5 months. The histological diagnosis is the gold standard

Patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease, adenomatosis coli, coagulopathy, insufficient bowel preparation, or who had undergone colonoscopy within the last 3 years (except for patients referred for polypectomy of known polyps) were excluded from the study

Ignjatovic [7]

NR

NR

Gross [17]

The histological diagnosis is the gold standard

Chronic inflammatory bowel disease, adenomatosis coli, coagulopathy, insufficient bowel preparation, or previous colonoscopy within the past 3 years (except for patients who were sent for polypectomy of known polyps)

Mang [40]

All patients underwent computed tomographic colonography (CTC) and subsequent optical colonoscopy (OC) with histopathological work-up. Anonymised patient data were downloaded from a publicly accessible CTC training web site [46]

NR

Mesejo [23]

NR. The histological diagnosis is the gold standard. Videos with ground truth of this study are publicly available at http://www.depeca.uah.es/colonoscopydataset/

NR

Mori [41]

Between June and December 2017, serial patients scheduled for routine colonoscopy were 18 years or older, not receiving anticoagulant therapy, and able to give informed consent

A history of inflammatory bowel disease, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy for colorectal cancer

Renner [42]

Outpatients and inpatients aged ≥ 18 years scheduled for colonoscopy at the study site were eligible to participate. The histological diagnosis is the gold standard

Emergency examinations, Amercian Society of Anaesthesiologists risk classes IV and above, pregnant women, inflammatory bowel disease and polyposis syndromes

Chen [21]

From March 2017 to August 2017, polyps smaller than 5 mm from patients with an appropriate indication for colonoscopy. The histological diagnosis is the gold standard

Age younger than 18 years, fulminant colitis, severe hematochezia, and poor bowel preparation. The presence of a staining artifact created by mucus, out-of-focus and insufficiently bright images, motion-blurred images, and the presence of histologic features of sessile serrated adenoma/polyps

Shin [43]

NR. Data are available at three public datasets [47]

NR

Byrne [11]

The histological diagnosis is the gold standard

NR

Cristina [44]

The histological diagnosis is the gold standard

NR

Zachariah [35]

The histological diagnosis is the gold standard

NR

Shahidi [45]

From April 2016 to August 2017 consecutive colorectal lesions ≤ 3 mm, diagnosed during optical evaluation as adenatomous

A size restriction of ≤ 3 mm

Qadir [14]

NR

NR