Table 1 Participant characteristics of GC cases and controls according to sex
Characteristics | Men (n=328) | Women (n=164) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases (n=164) | Controls (n=164) | p-values | Cases (n=82) | Controls (n=82) | p-values | |||||
Age (y, mean ± SD) | 57.8 | ± 10.8 | 56.7 | ±11.0 | 0.353 | 55.9 | ±13.7 | 56.1 | ±12.9 | 0.916 |
Education level (n, %) | ||||||||||
≤ Middle school | 66 | (40.2) | 61 | (37.2) | 0.802 | 45 | (54.9) | 45 | (54.9) | 0.959 |
≥ High school | 82 | (50.0) | 88 | (53.7) | 29 | (35.4) | 30 | (36.6) | ||
Missing | 16 | (9.8) | 15 | (9.1) | 8 | (9.7) | 7 | (8.5) | ||
Smoking status (n, %) | ||||||||||
Never | 16 | (9.8) | 30 | (18.3) | 0.026 | 70 | (85.4) | 76 | (92.7) | 0.134 |
Former & Current | 148 | (90.2) | 134 | (81.7) | 12 | (14.6) | 6 | (7.3) | ||
Alcohol consumption (n, %) | ||||||||||
Never | 28 | (17.1) | 27 | (16.5) | 0.883 | 56 | (68.3) | 56 | (68.3) | 1.000 |
Former & Current | 136 | (82.9) | 137 | (83.5) | 26 | (31.7) | 26 | (31.7) | ||
Body mass index (kg/m2) (n, %) | ||||||||||
≤ 22.99 | 82 | (50.0) | 56 | (34.2) | 0.014 | 45 | (54.8) | 32 | (39.0) | 0.122 |
≥ 23.0 | 74 | (45.1) | 99 | (60.4) | 29 | (35.4) | 38 | (46.4) | ||
Missing | 8 | (4.9) | 9 | (5.5) | 8 | (9.8) | 12 | (14.6) | ||
Hospital (n, %) | ||||||||||
Chungnam university | 58 | (35.4) | 58 | (35.4) | 1.000 | 28 | (34.2) | 28 | (34.2) | 1.000 |
Hanyang university Guri | 106 | (64.6) | 106 | (64.6) | 54 | (65.8) | 54 | (65.8) | ||
Family history of gastric cancer (n, %)a | ||||||||||
No | 138 | (84.1) | 148 | (90.2) | 0.098 | 72 | (87.8) | 74 | (90.2) | 0.617 |
Yes | 26 | (15.9) | 16 | (9.8) | 10 | (12.2) | 8 | (9.8) | ||
H. pylori infection (n, %) | ||||||||||
No | 58 | (35.4) | 43 | (26.2) | 0.009 | 29 | (35.4) | 13 | (15.9) | 0.017 |
Yes | 52 | (31.7) | 79 | (48.2) | 24 | (29.2) | 31 | (37.8) | ||
Undetermined | 54 | (32.9) | 42 | (25.6) | 29 | (35.4) | 38 | (46.3) | ||
MAP3K1 rs252902 polymorphisms (n, %) | ||||||||||
GG | 45 | (27.4) | 73 | (44.5) | 0.004 | 33 | (40.3) | 28 | (34.2) | 0.529 |
GA | 81 | (49.4) | 67 | (40.9) | 37 | (45.1) | 37 | (45.1) | ||
AA | 38 | (23.2) | 24 | (14.6) | 12 | (14.6) | 17 | (20.7) | ||
Daily intake of dietary factor (mean ± SD) | ||||||||||
Total energy intake (kcal/d) | 2011 | ±760 | 1770 | ±644 | 0.002 | 1509 | ±516 | 1593 | ±485 | 0.285 |
Noodle and dumpling (g/day) | 92.2 | ±137.8 | 60.1 | ±64.5 | 0.008 | 44.6 | ±43.4 | 43.2 | ±47.9 | 0.841 |
Soy products (g/day) | 19.3 | ±35.3 | 16.6 | ±30.6 | 0.464 | 22.1 | ±72.4 | 16.3 | ±33.8 | 0.508 |