Table 4 Risk factors for concomitant PDAC with 439 Patients with IPMN

Follow-up Period, median (range), months

44.5 (14-119)

57 (13-177)

0.24

Sex, M:F

7:7

162:263

0.41

Age at Cyst Diagnosis, median (range), years

73 (56-80)

71 (35-93)

1.00

Age at Cyst Diagnosis ≥ 65 years old

12:2

307:118

0.37

1.41 (0.29-6.88)

0.67

Age at Final Observation, median (range), years

76.5 (60-86)

77 (39-99)

1.00

Age at Final Observation ≥70 years old

12:2

324:101

0.6

Cyst Number (1,2, ≥3)

2:4:8

139:105:181

Cyst Number (1, ≥2)

2:12

139:286

0.24

Cyst Diameter, median (range), mm

17.0 (6.4-27.6)

14.9 (5-56.3)

0.17

Cyst Diameter (mm) ≥15.2, <15.2

10:4

209:216

0.11

1.80 (0.54-6.03)

0.34

Diameter of MPD, median (range), mm

3.1 (1-7.7)

2.5 (1-9.8)

0.10

MPD (mm) ≥2.5, <2.5

11:3

230:197

0.10

2.57 (0.67-9.87)

0.17

Diabetes Mellitus at Cyst Diagnosis, yes : no

9:5

86:339

<0.001

5.40 (1.69-17.22)

<0.01

Hypertension at Cyst Diagnosis, yes : no

9:5

189:236

0.18

Hyperlipidemia at Cyst Diagnosis, yes : no

7:7

105:320

0.05

2.02 (0.66-6.24)

0.22

Cancer History, yes : no

2:12

117:308

0.37

Usual Alcohol Consumption (ethanol ≥20g/day)

5:9

124:304

0.56

Smoking (BI ≥400), yes : no

3:11

116:309

0.77

Family History of Pancreatic Cancer ( ≤ 1^nd grade ), yes : no

1:12

31:392

1.00

BMI (kg/m2) ≥25, yes : no

1:13

86:339

0.32