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Table 4 Associations between lifestyle risk factors and those who meet the both WHO criteria I and III for SPS

From: Body Mass Index, sex, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug medications, smoking and alcohol are differentially associated with World Health Organisation criteria and colorectal cancer risk in people with Serrated Polyposis Syndrome: an Australian case-control study

Characteristics

Controls (N = 714)

Both Criteria (N = 109)

Univariate Analysis both Criteria

Multivariate Analysis

N (%)

N (%)

P-value

OR (95% CI)

P-value

Sex (Female)

404 (57)

70 (64)

0.130

5.74 (2.72–12.10)

< 0.001

Age/ Diagnosis Age (years) (median, IQR)

50 (44–55)

36 (30–57.5)

< 0.001

0.95 (0.92–0.97)

< 0.001

Affected with CRC

0 (0)

24 (22)

–

Smoking Status

 Never Smoked

334 (47)

46 (43)

Ref.

 Current Smoker

121 (17)

12 (11)

0.233

0.80 (0.36–1.78)

0.587

 Former Smoker

258 (36)

50 (46)

0.428

1.68 (0.96–2.93)

0.069

Years Smoked (mean ± S.D.)

10.20 ± 12.43

9.45 ± 13.83

0.568

1.01 (0.99–1.04)

0.306

Daily Cigarettes

 No Cigarettes

334 (47)

51 (49)

Ref.

 1–5 Cigarettes per day

54 (8)

20 (19)

0.003

2.35 (1.09–5.05)

0.029

 6–10 Cigarettes per day

78 (11)

15 (14)

0.470

0.92 (0.41–2.12)

0.863

  > 10 Cigarettes per day

246 (35)

19 (18)

0.016

0.67 (0.34–1.30)

0.236

Height (cm) (mean ± S.D.)

168.61 ± 10.11

172.24 ± 9.62

0.001

1.09 (1.05–1.13)

< 0.001

Weight (kg) (mean ± S.D.)

75.56 ± 16.94

76.90 ± 15.59

–

Weight at 20 years of age (kg) (mean ± S.D.)

63.22 ± 12.91

68.28 ± 12.95

–

BMI at registration (mean ± S.D.)

26.51 ± 5.30

25.80 ± 4.33

0.193

  

BMI at 20 years of age (mean ± S.D.)

22.14 ± 3.53

22.99 ± 3.63

0.037

1.06 (0.99–1.13)

0.122

Diabetes

31 (4)

7 (7)

0.295

  

Blood Lipid Lowering Medication

65 (9)

14 (14)

0.148

3.36 (1.36–8.33)

0.009

Weekly Aspirin (dose/week) (mean ± S.D.)

0.99 ± 3.36

0.53 ± 2.08

0.130

0.96 (0.86–1.07)

0.450

Weekly NSAIDs (dose/week) (mean ± S.D.)

1.72 ± 4.62

0.36 ± 1.85

< 0.001

0.88 (0.78–0.99)

0.028

Weekly Antacids (dose/week) (mean ± S.D.)

1.20 ± 4.75

1.33 ± 7.37

0.812

  

Weekly Multivitamins (dose/week) (mean ± S.D.)

1.79 ± 3.44

1.49 ± 2.99

0.376

  

Calcium (dose/week) (mean ± S.D.)

1.01 ± 2.70

0.78 ± 2.84

0.393

  

Paracetamol (dose/week) (mean ± S.D.)

1.86 ± 7.60

2.14 ± 6.68

0.730

  

Folate (dose/week) (mean ± S.D.)

1.09 ± 2.53

0.27 ± 1.37

< 0.001

0.82 (0.70–0.96)

0.012

Weekly Alcohol Consumption

 

No Alcohol

171 (27)

28 (31)

Ref.

1–100 g per week

285 (46)

33 (37)

0.207

0.39 (0.20–0.75)

0.005

101–200 g per week

100 (16)

21 (23)

0.429

1.09 (0.51–2.34)

0.821

201–350 g per week

46 (7)

5 (6)

0.425

0.54 (0.16–1.82)

0.322

> 350 g per week

25 (4)

3 (3)

0.629

0.16 (0.02–1.43)

0.102

Beer (serves per week) (mean ± S.D.)

1.78 ± 5.44

2.40 ± 6.55

0.437

  

Wine (serves per week) (mean ± S.D.)

4.09 ± 6.34

2.68 ± 4.81

0.025

0.95 (0.90–1.00)

0.067

Spirits (serves per week) (mean ± S.D.)

1.37 ± 4.34

1.18 ± 3.92

0.680

  

Number of Pregnancies (mean ± S.D.)a

2.67 ± 1.61

1.58 ± 1.53

< 0.001

0.75 (0.57–0.98)

0.035

Pregnancy Age (years) (mean ± S.D.) a

25.68 ± 4.86

24.81 ± 4.26

0.260

  

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) a

74 (21)

5 (8)

0.009

0.33 (0.08–1.32)

0.116

  1. In the multivariate models, it was multivariate adjusted. Each group of cases is compared with controls. Variables were included in the multivariate model if it had a p-value of < 0.15 and less than < 20% missing data. A variable was considered significant in the multivariate model if it had a p-value < 0.05. For variables that were highly correlated the smaller p-value was selected as the proxy to be included into the multivariate model.
  2. a female only analysis
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BMC Gastroenterology

ISSN: 1471-230X

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