Table 1 Quality assessment using the CHEERS statement checklist
Section/item | Full economic evaluations | Partial economic evaluations | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USA | Italy | United Kingdom | Canada | USA | Italy | United Kingdom | |||||||||||||||
Rostambeigi 2014 [20] | Rostambeigi 2014 [21] | Parikh 2018 [27] | Marqueen 2021 [30] | Rognoni 2018 [23] | Rognoni 2017 [26] | Chaplin 2015 [24] | Palmer 2017 [25] | Walton 2020 [28] | Manas 2021 [22] | Muszbek 2020 [29] | Hubert 2016 [32] | Ray 2012 [34] | Ljuboja 2021 [35] | Colombo 2015 [31] | Lucà 2018 [36] | Rognoni 2018 [37] | Muszbek 2019 [33] | Muszbek 2021 [38] | Pollock 2020 [39] | ||
a | b | b | a | a | a | b | b | a | a | a | b | a | a | a | a | a | b | b | a | ||
1 | Title | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
2 | Abstract | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3 | Background and objectives | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
4 | Study population, objectives, and subgroups | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
5 | Setting and location | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
6 | Perspective | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
7 | Comparators | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
8 | Time horizon | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
9 | Discount rate | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
10 | Selections of health outcomes | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
11 | Measurement of effectiveness | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
12 | Measurement and valuation of preference-based outcomes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
13 | Estimating resources and costs | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
14 | Currency, price date, and conversion | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
15 | Choice of model | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
16 | Assumptions | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
17 | Analytic methods | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
18 | Study parameters | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
19 | Incremental costs and outcomes | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
20 | Characterizing uncertainty | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
21 | Characterizing heterogeneity | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
22 | Discussion | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
23 | Source of funding | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
24 | Conflicts of interest | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 17 | 11 | 14 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 14 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 12 | 18 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 20 | 13 | 12 | 20 | |
% (n) | 71% | 46% | 58% | 100% | 100% | 96% | 46% | 58% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 60% | 90% | 95% | 90% | 85% | 100% | 65% | 60% | 100% | |