Table 1 Clinical characteristics in the NAFLD, CHD, NAFLD + CHD, and control groups
|  | NAFLD | CHD | NAFLD + CHD | Controls | P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex (M/F) | 247 (139/108) | 200 (127/73) | 118 (81/37) | 339 (188/151) | 0.844 | 0.067 | 0.012 | 0.024 | 0.352 |
Age, years | 48.38 ± 11.98 | 67.12 ± 11.52 | 61.59 ± 8.06 | 46.48 ± 12.04 | 1.000 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 | 0.057 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 26.50 ± 2.87 | 24.51 ± 3.19 | 25.10 ± 2.45 | 23.46 ± 3.39 |  < 0.001 | 0.002 |  < 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.503 |
FPG, mmol/L | 4.76 (4.41–5.28) | 5.22 (4.55–6.76) | 5.41 (4.72–6.48) | 4.59 (4.17–5.05) | 0.003 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 | 1.000 |
TC, mmol/L | 5.31 ± 1.16 | 4.64 ± 1.31 | 4.41 ± 1.34 | 4.30 ± 1.94 |  < 0.001 | 1.000 | 0.397 |  < 0.001 | 1.000 |
TG, mmol/L | 1.53 (1.13–2.14) | 1.38 (0.97–1.85) | 1.46 (1.00–2.27) | 1.39 (0.91–3.87) | 0.352 | 0.092 | 0.816 | 0.740 | 0.042 |
HDL, mmol/L | 1.20 (1.05–1.32) | 1.02 (0.86–1.16) | 1.02 (0.85–1.16) | 1.36 (1.14–1.55) |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 | 1.000 |
LDL, mmol/L | 3.45 ± 1.66 | 2.79 ± 1.09 | 2.71 ± 0.90 | 3.22 ± 0.71 | 1.000 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 | 1.000 |
ALT, U/L | 24.74 (17.40–38.81) | 21.71 (14.73–31.73) | 22.42 (15.38–33.37) | 18.14 (13.39–24.68) |  < 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.221 | 1.000 |
AST, U/L | 22.66 (18.67–28.16) | 22.65 (17.15–34.81) | 22.42 (16.40–32.69) | 20.33 (17.22–24.33) | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.050 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
ALT/AST | 1.13 (0.88–1.45) | 0.92 (0.64–1.23) | 0.95 (0.68–1.23) | 0.91 (0.72–1.14) |  < 0.001 | 1.000 | 1.000 |  < 0.001 | 1.000 |
GGT, U/L | 46.25 ± 79.71 | 33.33 ± 28.60 | 47.15 ± 77.70 | 2.28 ± 29.51 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 | 0.333 | 1.000 |
ALP, U/L | 77.29 (61.80–93.86) | 83.51 (65.80–106.56) | 82.20 (71.10–98.63) | 65.54 (53.09–80.34) |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 | 0.063 | 1.000 |
TB, μmol/L | 13.29 ± 5.13 | 14.36 ± 6.83 | 14.98 ± 7.95 | 14.61 ± 5.66 | 0.007 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.798 | 1.000 |