Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the included 105 patients and comparison of factors between patients with and without severe PHLF

Characteristics

All patients (n = 105)

No (n = 71)

Yes (n = 34)

P value

Sex, male

44 (41.9%)

34 (47.9%)

10 (29.4%)

0.073

Age, year

39 ± 13

39 ± 13

41 ± 12

0.485

BMI, kg/m2

22.2 ± 3.0

22.5 ± 3.0

21.6 ± 3.0

0.156

Positive HBsAg

45 (42.9%)

30 (42.3%)

15 (44.1%)

0.857

Serum albumin, g/L

35.7 ± 4.5

36.9 ± 3.9

33.2 ± 4.7

 < 0.001

Total bilirubin, μmol/L

15.4 ± 13.9

11.6 ± 9.0

23.2 ± 18.4

 < 0.001

INR

1.10 ± 0.21

1.07 ± 0.22

1.15 ± 0.18

 < 0.001

Platelet count, 10⁹/L

260 ± 91

262 ± 92

254 ± 90

0.706

Child–Pugh grade

 < 0.001

A

76 (72.4%)

62 (81.6%)

14 (18.4%)

B

28 (26.7%)

9 (32.1%)

19 (67.9%)

C

1 (0.9%)

0 (0%)

1 (100%)

ICG-R15, %

6.1 ± 5.4

4.1 ± 3.6

10.3 ± 6.3

 < 0.001

ALICE grade

 < 0.001

Grade 1

57 (54.3%)

53 (93.0%)

4 (7.0%)

Grade 2

40 (38.1%)

17 (42.5%)

23 (57.5%)

Grade 3

8 (7.6%)

1 (12.5%)

7 (87.5%)

lesion size, cm

10.4 ± 5.0

8.9 ± 3.8

13.5 ± 5.9

 < 0.001

operative time, hour

6.7 ± 3.1

5.6 ± 2.4

9.0 ± 3.0

 < 0.001

Lesion number

0.003

Single

40 (38.1%)

34 (85.0%)

6 (15.0%)

Multiple

65 (61.9%)

37 (56.9%)

28 (43.1%)

Extent of hepatectomy

0.001

Minor resection

27 (25.7%)

25 (92.6%)

2 (7.4%)

Major resection

78 (74.3%)

46 (59.0%)

32 (41.0%)

Blood loss

 < 0.001

 < 500 mL

41 (39.0%)

37 (90.2%)

4 (9.8%)

 ≥ 500 mL

64 (61.0%)

34 (53.1%)

30 (46.9%)