Fig. 4

DCA curves of the nomogram and TNM staging system. A DCA curves for OS in the training cohort; B DCA curves for OS in the validation cohort. The y-axis represents the net benefit, and the x-axis represents the corresponding risk threshold. The solid red line represents all patients who died during the follow-up period. The red dashed line represents no patient deaths during the follow-up period. The solid blue line represents the net benefit of the nomogram at different risk thresholds. The green dashed line represents the net benefit of TNM staging at different risk thresholds. DCA: decision curve analysis; OS: overall survival.