Helicobacter pylori infection is not an independent risk factor of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in China

Wang, Weijun; Fan, Mengke; Gong, Rui; Zhang, Yurui; Zeng, Junchao; Xu, Sanping; Lin, Rong

doi:10.1186/s12876-022-02148-6

BMC Gastroenterology

Table 1 Characteristics of study participants at baseline

From: Helicobacter pylori infection is not an independent risk factor of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in China

Variables	Full sample (n = 71,633)			Matched sample (n = 29,974) ^a
Variables	H. pylori− (n = 46,888)	H. pylori + (n = 24,745)	P value	H. pylori− (n = 14,987)	H. pylori + (n = 14,987)	P value
Age	44.8 ± 13.3	46.5 ± 12.5	< 0.001	47.3 ± 12.9	46.6 ± 12.2
Male (%)	57.6	58.6	0.010	58.3	57.5	0.134
BMI (kg/m²)	23.8 ± 3.4	24.1 ± 3.4	< 0.001	24.3 ± 3.3	24.2 ± 3.4	0.043
Year of screening exam (%)			< 0.001
2015	20.8	21.7		21.6	12.6
2016	24.4	24.2		48.1	27.1
2017	19.3	18.7		25.1	23.0
2018	19.8	21.3		4.8	24.5
2019	18.8	17.3		0.4	12.7
Systolic BP (mmHg)	124.3 ± 19.5	125.9 ± 20.0	< 0.001	127.1 ± 19.8	126.4 ± 20.0
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	77.8 ± 11.4	78.9 ± 11.8	< 0.001	79.7 ± 11.5	79.1 ± 11.8
Hypertension (%)	13.7	15.1	< 0.001	13.5	13.9	0.129
FBG (mM)	5.05 ± 1.27	5.18 ± 1.47	< 0.001	5.11 ± 1.29	5.12 ± 1.29
HbA1C (%)	5.48 ± 0.75	5.55 ± 0.83	< 0.001	5.50 ± 0.77	5.50 ± 0.77
Diabetes (%)	4.74	6.14	< 0.001	5.49	5.60	0.565
Total cholesterol (mM)	4.80 ± 0.92	4.86 ± 0.92	< 0.001	4.89 ± 0.91	4.86 ± 0.92
LDL-C (mM)	2.76 ± 0.77	2.82 ± 0.78	< 0.001	2.22 ± 0.77	2.82 ± 0.77
HDL-C (mM)	1.43 ± 0.34	1.41 ± 0.34	< 0.001	1.46 ± 0.35	1.41 ± 0.35
Triglycerides (mM)	1.58 ± 1.39	1.65 ± 1.50	< 0.001	1.65 ± 1.41	1.64 ± 1.44
Dyslipidemia (%)	24.9	28.0	< 0.001	26.8	26.9	0.887
AST (IU/L)	23.3 (18–25)	23.4 (18–25)	0.011	22.7 (17–25)	23.3 (18–26)
ALT (IU/L)	26.5 (15–31)	27.0 (15–31)	< 0.001	27.4 (15–32)	27.0 (15–31)
GGT (IU/L)	30.2 (14–33)	31.0 (15–35)	< 0.001	32.6 (15–36)	30.5 (14–35)
Scr (μM)	70.5 ± 17.2	71.1 ± 20.1	0.001	69.6 ± 18.6	70.2 ± 17.6
BUN (mM)	4.88 ± 1.30	4.95 ± 1.37	< 0.001	4.99 ± 1.32	4.94 ± 1.32
NAFLD (%)	31.3	34.8	< 0.001	34.8	34.6	0.716

Continuous variables were shown as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range), and categorical variables were expressed as counts (percentage)
^aMatched sample were selected with propensity score matching analysis (PSM) (Covariate: Age, sex, BMI, Systolic BP, Diastolic BP, FBG, HbA1C, Total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, Triglycerides, Scr, BUN; Matching tolerance: 0.001)
H. pylori, Helicobacter pylori; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbA1C, glycated hemoglobin; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; Scr, serum creatinine; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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