Table 1 Characteristics of the studies included for meta-analysis
No. of study | First author | Study location | No. of patients | Age (year) | Male | Special patient population | NOS score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Alizadehsani R et al. | Iran | 123 | 45 | 62 | None | 8 |
2 | An P et al. | China | 205 | 54 | 122 | None | 8 |
3 | Atalla E et al. | USA | 111 | 87 | 23 | Older patients | 7 |
4 | Caillard S et al. | France | 243 | 62 | 162 | Kidney transplant recipients | 7 |
5 | Chadalavada P et al. | USA | 84 | 60 | 52 | None | 8 |
6 | Chen R et al. | China | 1077 | 59 | 532 | None | 9 |
7 | Chen T et al. | China | 274 | 62 | 171 | Critically ill patients | 7 |
8 | Comoglu Ş et al. | Turkey | 1086 | 48 | 563 | None | 8 |
9 | Crespo M et al. | Spain | 414 | 62 | 265 | Kidney transplant recipients | 7 |
10 | Doganci S et al. | Turkey | 397 | 57 | 200 | None | 8 |
11 | Du H et al. | China | 182 | 6 | 120 | Pediatric patients | 7 |
12 | Elimian K et al. | Nigeria | 3215 | 36 | 2293 | None | 8 |
13 | Ferm S et al. | USA | 877 | 59 | 534 | None | 8 |
14 | Gayam V et al. | USA | 408 | 67 | 231 | African-Americans | 7 |
15 | Ghoshal U et al. | India | 252 | 40 | 204 | None | 8 |
16 | Hajifathalian K et al. | USA | 1059 | 61 | 611 | None | 8 |
17 | Huang H et al. | China | 49 | 37 | 23 | Patients with pre-existing ILD | 7 |
18 | Jiang Y et al. | China | 281 | 70 | 143 | Older severe patients | 7 |
19 | Jin X et al. | China | 651 | 46 | 331 | None | 9 |
20 | Kang M et al. | Korea | 118 | 59 | 52 | None | 8 |
21 | Kim D et al. | USA | 867 | 57 | 473 | Patients with chronic liver disease | 7 |
22 | Lanthier N et al. | Belgium | 50 | 88 | NA | Geriatric patients | 7 |
23 | Laszkowska M et al. | USA | 2804 | 66 | 1565 | None | 8 |
24 | Leal T et al. | Portugal | 201 | 71 | 113 | Symptomatic patients | 7 |
25 | Liang J et al. | China | 109 | 65 | 57 | Patients with cancer | 7 |
26 | Liu J et al. | China | 29,393 | 47 | 15,501 | None | 8 |
27 | Livanos A et al. | USA | 634 | 61 | 369 | None | 8 |
28 | Luo S et al. | China | 1411 | 54 | 895 | None | 8 |
29 | Ma X et al. | China | 467 | 44 | 289 | None | 8 |
30 | Montazeri M et al. | Iran | 611 | 56 | 377 | None | 8 |
31 | Moura D et al. | Brazil | 400 | 56 | 225 | None | 8 |
32 | Nobel Y et al. | USA | 278 | NA | 145 | None | 7 |
33 | Pan L et al. | China | 204 | 53 | 107 | None | 9 |
34 | Peng X et al. | China | 49 | 63 | 17 | Critically ill patients | 7 |
35 | Ramachandran P et al. | USA | 150 | 57 | 83 | None | 8 |
36 | Redd W et al. | USA | 318 | 63 | 174 | None | 9 |
37 | Renelus B et al. | USA | 734 | 68 | 379 | None | 8 |
38 | Russell B et al. | UK | 156 | 65 | 90 | Patients with cancer | 7 |
39 | Schettino M et al. | Italy | 190 | 65 | 127 | None | 8 |
40 | Shang H et al. | China | 564 | 59 | 286 | None | 8 |
41 | Soares R et al. | Brazil | 1152 | NA | 494 | None | 8 |
42 | Sulaiman T et al. | Iraq | 140 | 45 | 100 | None | 8 |
43 | Tsibouris P et al. | Greece | 61 | 70 | 34 | None | 8 |
44 | Vena A et al. | Italy | 275 | 71 | 183 | None | 8 |
45 | Villanego F et al. | Spain | 1011 | 60 | 635 | Kidney transplant recipients | 7 |
46 | Vrillon A et al. | France | 52 | 90 | 34 | Older adults | 7 |
47 | Wan, Y et al. | China | 230 | 48 | 129 | None | 8 |
48 | Wang Z et al. | China | 59 | 67 | 38 | Critically ill patients | 7 |
49 | Yang X et al. | China | 52 | 60 | 35 | Critically ill adults | 7 |
50 | Zhang J et al. | China | 663 | 56 | 321 | None | 7 |
51 | Zhang L et al. | China | 409 | 65 | 234 | Severe COVID-19 patients | 7 |
52 | Zhou F et al. | China | 191 | 56 | 72 | None | 7 |
53 | Zhou Z et al. | China | 254 | 50 | 115 | None | 9 |