Fig. 2

Interventions for endoscopic sphincterotomy bleeding. Hemostasis was achieved with endoscopy or conservative therapy. Interventional radiology or surgery was not necessary. In the no-drug group, two patients required multiple hemostatic procedures, but there was no significant difference in the number of procedures. APC: argon plasma coagulation; HSE: hypertonic saline-epinephrine; SEMS: self-expandable metallic stent