Table 1 Baseline characteristics
Group I (Donor age ≤ 34, N = 4723) | Group II (Donor age 35–49, N = 3572) | Group III (Donor age 50–64, N = 3743) | Group IV (Donor age ≥ 65, N = 1238) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donor variables | |||||
Race | < 0.001 | ||||
White | 3051 (64.6%) | 2269 (63.5%) | 2378 (63.5%) | 872 (70.4%) | |
Black or African American | 814 (17.2%) | 647 (18.1%) | 757 (20.2%) | 188 (15.2%) | |
Asian | 82 (1.7%) | 96 (2.7%) | 114 (3.0%) | 51 (4.1%) | |
Hispanic/Latino | 725 (15.4%) | 524 (14.7%) | 465 (12.4%) | 123 (9.9%) | |
Other | 51 (1.1%) | 36 (1.0%) | 29 (0.8%) | 4 (0.3%) | |
ABO | < 0.001 | ||||
A | 1752 (37.1%) | 1361 (38.1%) | 1346 (36.0%) | 467 (37.7%) | |
B | 667 (14.1%) | 490 (13.7%) | 506 (13.5%) | 129 (10.4%) | |
O | 2129 (45.1%) | 1584 (44.3%) | 1796 (48.0%) | 620 (50.1%) | |
AB | 175 (3.7%) | 137 (3.8%) | 95 (2.5%) | 22 (1.8%) | |
Gender | < 0.001 | ||||
M | 3226 (68.3%) | 2048 (57.3%) | 2013 (53.8%) | 619 (50.0%) | |
F | 1497 (31.7%) | 1524 (42.7%) | 1730 (46.2%) | 619 (50.0%) | |
Cause of death | < 0.001 | ||||
Anoxia | 1812 (39.4%) | 1262 (36.5%) | 1045 (28.3%) | 202 (16.3%) | |
Cerebrovascular/stroke | 429 (9.3%) | 1285 (37.1%) | 2003 (54.2%) | 815 (65.9%) | |
Head trauma | 2234 (48.6%) | 801 (23.1%) | 586 (15.8%) | 205 (16.6%) | |
CNS tumor | 27 (0.6%) | 25 (0.7%) | 12 (0.3%) | 1 (0.1%) | |
Other | 94 (2.0%) | 88 (2.5%) | 52 (1.4%) | 14 (1.1%) | |
DCD | 494 (10.5%) | 302 (8.5%) | 153 (4.1%) | 1 (0.1%) | < 0.001 |
Height (cm) | 172.58 ± 11.56 | 171.48 ± 10.11 | 170.32 ± 10.13 | 168.83 ± 10.18 | < 0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 78.71 ± 20.49 | 86.30 ± 21.54 | 84.02 ± 20.75 | 79.67 ± 18.30 | < 0.001 |
Recipient variables | |||||
Gender | < 0.001 | ||||
M | 3599 (76.2%) | 2854 (79.9%) | 2929 (78.3%) | 909 (73.4%) | |
F | 1124 (23.8%) | 718 (20.1%) | 814 (21.7%) | 329 (26.6%) | |
Age | 59.62 ± 7.31 | 59.49 ± 7.16 | 59.89 ± 6.75 | 61.55 ± 6.64 | < 0.001 |
Race | < 0.001 | ||||
White | 3074 (65.1%) | 2400 (67.2%) | 2524 (67.4%) | 825 (66.6%) | |
Black or African American | 500 (10.6%) | 373 (10.4%) | 332 (8.9%) | 85 (6.9%) | |
Asian | 332 (7.0%) | 203 (5.7%) | 253 (6.8%) | 109 (8.8%) | |
Hispanic/Latino | 753 (15.9%) | 552 (15.5%) | 590 (15.8%) | 201 (16.2%) | |
Other | 64 (1.4%) | 44 (1.2%) | 44 (1.2%) | 18 (1.5%) | |
ABO | < 0.001 | ||||
A | 1733 (36.7%) | 1344 (37.6%) | 1328 (35.5%) | 462 (37.3%) | |
B | 684 (14.5%) | 509 (14.2%) | 498 (13.3%) | 131 (10.6%) | |
O | 2062 (43.7%) | 1532 (42.9%) | 1780 (47.6%) | 609 (49.2%) | |
AB | 244 (5.2%) | 187 (5.2%) | 137 (3.7%) | 36 (2.9%) | |
Underlying liver disease | < 0.001 | ||||
HCV | 3147 (66.6%) | 2389 (66.9%) | 2372 (63.4%) | 556 (44.9%) | |
HBV | 329 (7.0%) | 228 (6.4%) | 271 (7.2%) | 152 (12.3%) | |
Alcohol | 412 (8.7%) | 347 (9.7%) | 366 (9.8%) | 184 (14.9%) | |
NASH | 396 (8.4%) | 309 (8.7%) | 363 (9.7%) | 171 (13.8%) | |
Other | 439 (9.3%) | 299 (8.4%) | 371 (9.9%) | 175 (14.1%) | |
Height (cm) | 172.39 ± 10.04 | 173.06 ± 9.85 | 172.75 ± 9.99 | 170.91 ± 9.96 | < 0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 85.07 ± 18.82 | 86.72 ± 18.52 | 86.75 ± 18.66 | 84.40 ± 17.84 | < 0.001 |
Warm ischemia time (min) | 40.11 ± 20.31 | 40.29 ± 18.80 | 40.86 ± 19.69 | 40.61 ± 21.13 | 0.646 |
Cold ischemia time (h) | 6.2 1 ± 2.65 | 6.06 ± 2.52 | 6.21 ± 2.50 | 6.02 ± 2.21 | 0.006 |
BMI | 28.55 ± 5.47 | 29.00 ± 7.73 | 29.04 ± 6.24 | 28.83 ± 5.40 | 0.001 |
MELD | 15.40 ± 8.77 | 15.40 ± 8.53 | 14.74 ± 7.97 | 14.01 ± 6.83 | < 0.001 |
Albumin (g/dl) | 3.21 ± 0.69 | 3.23 ± 0.69 | 3.25 ± 0.70 | 3.27 ± 0.67 | 0.01 |
Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 4.05 ± 7.32 | 3.91 ± 7.01 | 3.56 ± 6.39 | 3.21 ± 5.62 | < 0.001 |
INR | 1.53 ± 0.73 | 1.55 ± 0.79 | 1.51 ± 0.74 | 1.46 ± 0.68 | 0.002 |
Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.23 ± 1.13 | 1.19 ± 1.01 | 1.12 ± 0.86 | 1.04 ± 0.62 | < 0.001 |
Sodium (mmol/L) | 137.12 ± 4.51 | 137.16 ± 4.42 | 137.28 ± 4.40 | 137.17 ± 4.45 | 0.389 |
Treatment | |||||
TACE | 2577 (64.9%) | 1990 (65.5%) | 2140 (65.6%) | 757 (69.0%) | 0.093 |
RFA | 489 (12.3%) | 341 (11.2%) | 365 (11.2%) | 108 (9.8%) | 0.107 |
Chemotherapy | 123 (3.1%) | 89 (2.9%) | 116 (3.6%) | 32 (2.9%) | 0.482 |
Cryoablation | 12 (0.3%) | 13 (0.4%) | 14 (0.4%) | 2 (0.2) | 0.54 |
Surgery | 39 (1.0%) | 31 (1.0%) | 43 (1.3%) | 18 (1.6%) | 0.207 |
Tumor staging | 0.592 | ||||
Within Milan | 3680 (97.4%) | 2795 (96.8%) | 3026 (97.1%) | 1023 (97.2%) | |
Beyond Milan | 99 (2.6%) | 92 (3.2%) | 91 (2.9%) | 30 (2.8%) | |
Tumor nubmer | 1.24 ± 0.55 | 1.24 ± 0.54 | 1.24 ± 0.56 | 1.25 ± 0.55 | 0.197 |
Largest tumor diameter (cm) | 1.54 ± 1.40 | 1.57 ± 1.61 | 1.57 ± 1.40 | 1.57 ± 1.44 | 0.463 |
Sum of tumor diameters (cm) | 1.88 ± 1.81 | 1.91 ± 1.98 | 1.91 ± 1.80 | 1.94 ± 1.88 | 0.381 |
AFP value (ng/ml) | 8 (4, 24) | 8 (4, 27) | 8 (4, 24) | 7 (4, 20) | 0.781 |
Immunosuppression | |||||
Induction | 0.096 | ||||
Anti-CD25 | 826 | 599 | 633 | 211 | |
Thymoglobulin | 398 | 334 | 290 | 84 | |
Anti-CD25 + Thymoglobulin | 10 | 5 | 9 | 0 | |
Maintenance | |||||
Tacrolimus | 3179 | 2309 | 2392 | 751 | < 0.001 |
Cyclosporin | 117 | 93 | 78 | 16 | 0.036 |
Sirolimus | 154 | 118 | 119 | 46 | 0.834 |
Mycophenolate mofetil | 2236 | 1733 | 1694 | 570 | 0.036 |
Steroids | 1709 | 1244 | 1248 | 459 | 0.021 |