Table 3 Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for NAFLD according to yearly intake of raw and boiled spinach

Raw spinach

Median intake (serving/year)

0

6.0

13.5

39.1

NAFLD/control

34/57

55/104

84/139

52/150

Crude model

1.00 (Ref)

0.89(0.52–1.53)

1.00 (0.60–1.65)

0.56 (0.33–0.95)

Model 1^†

1.00 (Ref)

0.66 (0.32–1.38)

0.96 (0.48–1.92)

0.35 (0.17–0.73)

Model 2^‡

1.00 (Ref)

0.76 (0.34–1.72)

1.12 (0.51–2.44)

0.41 (0.18–0.96)

Boiled spinach

Median intake (serving/year)

0

1.3

3.2

12.0

NAFLD/control

47/67

62/113

61/135

55/135

Crude model

1.00 (Ref)

0.83 (0.51–1.35)

0.66 (0.40–1.07)

0.60 (0.37–0.99)

Model 1^†

1.00 (Ref)

0.87 (0.44–1.72)

0.88 (0.45–1.71)

0.66 (0.34–1.30)

Model 2^‡

1.00 (Ref)

0.72 (0.33–1.57)

0.83 (0.39–1.76)

0.69 (0.32–1.47)