Absent or impaired rectoanal inhibitory reflex as a diagnostic factor for high-grade (grade III–V) rectal prolapse: a retrospective study

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of all patients

Parameters	High-grade group (n = 30)	Low-grade group (n = 77)	p value
Age (years)	64.8 ± 15.4	61.5 ± 14.5	0.303
Sex (male/female)	10/20 (33/67)	34/43 (44/56)	0.307
Symptoms at presentation
Fecal incontinence	18 (60)	21 (27)	0.002
Incomplete evacuation	17 (57)	48 (62)	0.589
Straining	17 (57)	49 (64)	0.505
Feeling of prolapse	11 (37)	2 (3)	< 0.001
Anorectal pain	7 (23)	17 (22)	0.889
Past anal surgery (+)	6 (20)	21 (28)	0.417
Past rectal surgery (+)	3 (10)	2 (3)	0.133
Past hysterectomy (+)	6 (20)	4 (5)	0.028
Previous radiotherapy (+)	2 (7)	0 (0)	0.077

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or numbers with percentages in parentheses unless otherwise indicated. High-grade group includes grades III–V rectal prolapse. Low-grade group includes no grade and grades I–II rectal prolapse

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