Table 1 Clinical features of NK/T-cell EBV-associated LPD manifested as gastrointestinal symptoms
References | Country | Number of case | Age/sex | DCBC | Initial symptoms | Treatment history | Affected sites | Complications | Misdiagnosis | Endoscopic findings | Confirmation approach | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shen et al. [4] | China | 1 | 26/M | 1 year | Diarrhea, fever | Ant anti-TB therapy | Colon | – | TB | Superficial ulcer, erythema, erosion | Lymph node biopsy | GLIDE |
Shen et al. [4] | China | 2 | 21/M | 1 year | Diarrhea, fever | Antibiotics | NS | – | Intestinal infection | NS | Lymph node biopsy | Sodium phosphonate, interferon, prednisone |
Chen et al. [13] | China | 3 | 29/M | 1 year | Diarrhea, abdominal pain | Methylprednisolone and mesalazine, methyl-prednisolone, anti-TNF treatment | Esophagus, stomach, IC and the entire colon | Perforation | CD | Multiple ulcers | Surgery | CHOP |
Na et al. [3] | Korea | 4 | 50/M | 8 years | Loose stools | Antituberculous medication | IC,SC and rectum, jejunum | Perforation | TB | Multiple multiform ulcers | Endoscopy | CHOP |
Na et al. [3] | Korea | 5 | 49/F | 19 months | Hematochezia | Prednisolone, azathioprine | IC, AC | Perforation | CD | Multiple well-demarcated circumferential or geographic ulcer | Endoscopy | DHAP |
Zhu and Tang [14] | China | 6 | 47/M | 9 months | Diarrhea, fever | Anti-TB therapy | IC | – | TB | Multiple circumferential or geographic ulcer | Endoscopy | Thalidomide, Anflon, prednisone |
Xiao et al. [15] | China | 7 | 14/M | 9 months | Abdominal pain, diarrhea, intermittent fever, hematochezia | Mesalazine and prednisone | IC, AC | Perforation | IBD | Ulcers and erosions | Surgery | Surgery |
Furuya et al. [16] | China | 8 | 49/F | 44 months | Diarrhea and abdominal pain | 5-Aminosalicylate | IC | – | CD | Longitudinal ulcers | Endoscopy | SMILE |
Abdul-Ghafar et al. [7] | Korea | 9 | 45/M | 45 days | Diarrhea, weight loss | metronidazole | IC, AC, TC, DC, SC, rectum | Hematochezia | Infectious colitis | Multiple, variable sized, irregular shallow ulcerations | Endoscopy | – |
Wang et al. [5] | China | 10 | 54/M | 5 years | Abdominal pain, haematochezia, fever | 5-ASA, GC | AC, TC, DC, SC | Perforation, haemorrhage | UC, CD | MIVUs including a longitudinal ulcer | Surgery | – |
Wang et al. [5] | China | 11 | 31/F | 10 years | Abdominal pain, haematochezia, fever | 5-ASA, GC | Colorectum | Haemorrhage and HLH | UC | Diffuse inflammation, sporadic small ulcers | Surgery | GLIDE,HSCT |
Wang et al. [5] | China | 12 | 24/F | 3 months | Haematochezia, fever | Anti-TB therapy | IC, AC, SC, rectum | – | TB | MIVUs | Endoscopy | GLIDE |
Wang et al. [5] | China | 13 | 49 M | 1 year | Abdominal pain, weight loss | 5-ASA, IFX [four times] | IC | Perforation | CD | Isolated annular ulcer | Endoscopy | – |
Wang et al. [5] | China | 14 | 40/M | 3 years | Abdominal pain, haematochezia, fever | 5-ASA | IC and whole colorectum | – | UC | Diffuse inflammation, sporadic ulcers | Endoscopy | GLIDE |
Wang et al. [5] | China | 15 | 35/M | 3 years | Abdominal pain, haematochezia, fever | – | AC, TC, SC | Perforation | CD | Multiple irregular ulcers | Surgery | – |
Wang et al. [5] | China | 16 | 47/M | 9 months | Diarrhea, fever | Anti-TB therapy | IC, AC, TC, DC, SC, rectum | – | TB | MIVUs including one transverse ulcer | Endoscopy | GLIDE |
Wang et al. [5] | China | 17 | 30/F | 2 years | Abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever | 5-ASA, Anti-TB therapy | TC, rectum | – | UC, CD | Two irregular [both transverse-like] ulcers | Endoscopy | GLIDE |
Wang et al. [5] | China | 18 | 39/F | 4 years | Haematochezia, fever | – | IC, AC, TC, DC | Perforation | – | MIVUs including one transverse ulcer | Endoscopy | LVD |
Wang et al. [5] | China | 19 | 53/F | 9 months | Abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever | 5-ASA, GC | IC, AC, TC, DC, SC | – | CD | MIVUs including one transverse ulcer | Endoscopy | – |
Wang et al. [5] | China | 20 | 34/F | 5 months | Abdominal pain, haematochezia, fever | – | Ileum | Perforation, obstruction | CD | Multiple round ulcers | Surgery | – |
Wang et al. [5] | China | 21 | 29/M | 3 months | Abdominal pain, haematochezia, fever | Anti-TB therapy | IC, AC, DC, SC | Perforation | TB | MIVUs including one transverse ulcer | Endoscopy | – |
Sazuka et al. [17] | Japan | 22 | 71/F | 3 months | Diarrhea | – | Small intestine | – | – | Flattened villi | Endoscopy | CHOP |
Wang et al. [6] | China | 23 | 26/M | 1 year | Diarrhea and abdominal pain | IFX [five times] | IC, AC, TC, DC, SC | – | CD | Multiple nodular hyperplasia, deep ulcers | Endoscopy | CHOP |
Our case | China | 24 | 30/M | 5 years | Fever and diarrhea | Ethyl-prednisolone, thalidomide and mesalazine | IC, TC | – | CD | MIVUs | Endoscopy | Thalidomide |