Table 4 Summary of the cohorts of gastrointestinal cytomegaloviral infection in immunocompetent patients (only the cohort with at least 10 patients)
|  | Ng 1999 (n = 10, colitis) | Maiorana, 2003 (n = 11) | Siciliano, 2014 (n = 14, ICU) | Bernard, S 2015 (n = 13) | Ko, 2015 (n = 51, colitis) | Le 2017 (n = 42, colitis) | Current study (n = 56) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 71 | 72 | 64.2 | 81 (54–88) | 65.2 ± 14.0 | 64.4 ± 19.4 | 73.0 ± 13.9 |
Male gender | 1 (10%) | 9 (88%) | 6 (42.8%) | 5 (38%) | 24 (47.1%) | 24 (57.1%) | 31 (55.4%) |
Underlying disease | |||||||
 Diabetes mellitus | 2 (20%) |  | 5 (35.7%) | 3 (23.1%) | 15 (29.4%) | 15 (35.7%) | 20 (35.7%) |
 Large vessel atherosclerotic diseases | 2 (20%) |  |  |  | 11 (21.6%) (CVS dis) | 8 (19) CAD 8 (19) CVA | 21 (37.5%) |
 Chronic kidney disease | 2 (20%) |  | 7 (50%) | 2 (15.4%) | 16 (31.4%) | 6 (14.3%) | 13 (23.2%) |
 Cirrhosis | 0 |  | 0 | 0 | 3 (5.9%) | 2 (4.8%) | 2 (3.6%) |
 Cardiomyopathy |  |  | 9 (64.2%) |  |  |  |  |
Status conditions at diagnosis | |||||||
 Status |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
• Outpatient |  |  |  |  |  | 5 (11.9%) | 23 (41.1%) |
• Inpatient |  |  |  |  |  | 16 (38.1%) | 21 (37.5%) |
• Intensive care unit |  |  | 100% |  | 11 (21.6%) | 21 (50%) | 12 (21.4%) |
 Bacteremia |  |  |  |  |  | 8 (19%) | 4 (7.1%) |
 SIRS |  |  |  |  |  | 28 (66.7%) | 29 (52.7%) |
 Respiratory failure |  |  | 71.4% |  |  | 15 (35.7%) | 20 (35.7%) |
 Inotropic drugs |  |  | 78.5% |  |  | 13 (31%) | 19 (33.9%) |
 Acute renal failure |  |  |  |  |  | 14 (33.3%) | 22 (39.3%) |
Presentation | |||||||
 Median presenting duration (days) (range) |  |  |  | 8 (1–30) |  |  | 1 (1–60) |
 GI bleeding | 9 (90%) |  | 10 (71.4%) | 6 (46.2%) | 30 (58.8%) | 22 (52.4%) | 40 (71.4%) |
 Diarrhea | 8 (80%) |  | 6 (42.8%) | 6 (46.2%) | 23 (45.1%) | 15 (35.7%) | 18 (32.1%) |
 Abdominal pain | 0 |  | 1 (7.1%) | 0 | 8 (15.7%) | 12 (28.6%) | 9 (16.1%) |
 Fever | 6 (60%) |  | 2 (14.3%) | 4 (30.8%) | 8 (15.7%) | 17 (40.5%) | 27 (49.1%) |
 Ileus |  |  | 1 (7.1%) |  |  |  | 4 (7.1%) |
 Perforation | 0 |  | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (4.8%) | 1 (1.8%) |
 CMV at other organs | 0 |  | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0%) |
CMV viremia | |||||||
|  |  |  |  | CMV viral load (n = 4) | Antigenemia (n = 30) | pp65 Antigenemia (n = 18) | CMV viral load (n = 27) |
|  |  |  |  |  | Median, range 2 (0–11) |  | Median, range 370 (0–85,599) |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Negative 3/4 (75%) | Negative 13 (43%) | Negative 8 (44.4%) | Negative 11/27 (40.7%) |
Treatment and outcomes | |||||||
 Medications | |||||||
• Ganciclovir | 3 (30%) |  | 13 (92.8%) | 4 (30.8%) | 39 (76.5%) | 24 (57.1%) | 36/51 (70.6%) |
• Valganclovir | 0 |  |  | 6 (46.2%) |  | 12 (28.6%) | 3/51 (5.9%) |
• Surgery | 1 (10%) |  | 1 (7.2%) | 0 | 5 (9.8%) | 6 (14.3%) | 8/51 (15.7%) |
• None | 7 (70%) |  |  | 7 (53.8%) |  | 12 (28.6%) | 13/51 (25.5%) |
  Duration of treatment (week) |  |  |  | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 (0–6) |
  Improvement with no treatment | 7 (70%) |  |  |  | 9 (17.6%) |  | 4 (7.1%) |
  Death in 6 months |  |  | 10 (71.4%) (in hospital mortality) | no CMV-related death | 7.8% (30 days) | 11 (26.2%) (in hospital mortality) | 20/51 (39.2%) |