Table 5 Association of cancer-specific survival with treatment modality

Part I: univariate analysis

 Small bowel cancer

  None

Ref

  Surgery only

0.15 (0.12–0.19)

< 0.001

Ref

  Chemo only

1.04 (0.87–1.25)

0.681

7.87 (6.18–10.0)

< 0.001

Ref

  Surgery + chemo

0.37 (0.29–0.47)

< 0.001

2.55 (1.93–3.38)

< 0.001

0.32 (0.25–0.41)

< 0.001

 Adenocarcinoma

  None

Ref

  Surgery only

0.50 (0.33–0.76)

0.001

Ref

  Chemo only

0.35 (0.28–0.44)

< 0.001

0.70 (0.46–1.07)

0.097

Ref

  Surgery + chemo

0.24 (0.18–0.33)

< 0.001

0.47 (0.29–0.75)

0.002

0.66 (0.49–0.89)

0.006

 Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC)

  None

Ref

  Surgery only

0.25 (0.18–0.35)

< 0.001

Ref

  Chemo only

0.13 (0.82–1.96)

0.280

5.20 (3.35–8.07)

< 0.001

Ref

  Surgery +chemo

0.44 (0.28–0.68)

< 0.001

1.75 (1.13–2.73)

0.013

0.34 (0.20–0.58)

< 0.001

 Gastrointestinal stromal sarcoma (GISS)

  None

Ref

  Surgery only

0.51 (0.14–1.94)

0.324

Ref

  Chemo only

0.18 (0.05–0.68)

0.012

0.35 (0.09-1.40)

0.138

Ref

  Surgery + chemo

0.25 (0.09–0.73)

0.012

0.48 (0.15–1.51)

0.209

1.36 (0.43–4.28)

0.599

Part II: multivariate analysis^a

 Small bowel cancer

  None

Ref

  Surgery only

0.31 (0.22–0.43)

< 0.001

Ref

  Chemo only

0.70 (0.57–0.86)

0.001

3.04 (2.09–4.42)

< 0.001

Ref

  Surgery + chemo

0.41 (0.30–0.57)

< 0.001

1.48 (1.07–2.04)

0.018

0.47 (0.32–0.67)

< 0.001

 Adenocarcinoma

  None

Ref

  Surgery only

0.69 (0.40–1.18)

0.173

Ref

  Chemo only

0.35 (0.27–0.44)

< 0.001

0.57 (0.31–1.02)

0.058

Ref

  Surgery + chemo

0.27 (0.18–0.42)

< 0.001

0.37 (0.22–0.65)

< 0.001

0.67 (0.42–1.06)

0.089

 Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC)

  None

Ref

  Surgery only

0.24 (0.14–0.43)

< 0.001

Ref

  Chemo only

1.13 (0.68–1.88)

0.633

2.81 (1.41–5.63)

0.003

Ref

  Surgery + chemo

0.39 (0.20–0.73)

0.004

1.48 (0.91–2.41)

0.112

0.52 (0.21–1.31)

0.164

 Gastrointestinal stromal sarcoma (GISS)

  None

Ref

  Surgery only

0.31 (0.02–4.71)

0.397

Ref

  Chemo only

0.08 (0.01–0.69)

0.022

0.34 (0.04–2.81)

0.314

Ref

  Surgery + chemo

0.10 (0.01–1.24)

0.073

0.40 (0.08–2.00)

0.262

1.26 (0.21–7.73)

0.804