Table 1 Comparison of clinical features, endoscopic and histopathologic findings of children with peptic ulcers according to the etiology of ulcer
Variable | H. pylori infection (n = 51) | Gastrotoxic drug (n = 18) | Idiopathic peptic ulcer (n = 144) | Systemic disease (n = 23) | Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (N = 19) | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinical features | ||||||
Male gender | 34 (66.7) | 7 (38.9) | 86 (59.7) | 15 (65.2) | 15 (78.9) | |
Age, years | 14.3 (2.0–17.9) | 6.0 (1.5–17.5) | 9.1 (1 day-17.6) | 8.6 (1.5–4.7) | 13.6 (5.4–17.4) | < 0.001 |
Allergic history | ||||||
AD | 0 | 0 | 4 (2.8) | 1 (4.3) | 5 (26.3) | 0.002 |
AR | 1 (4.3) | 1 (7.7) | 8 (9.4) | 0 | 2 (14.3) | 0.603 |
Asthma | 1 (4.3) | 1 (7.7) | 1 (1.2) | 0 | 0 | 0.305 |
Complications | 6 (11.8) | 1 (5.6) | 10 (6.9) | 1 (4.3) | 3 (15.8) | 0.742 |
Bleeding | 4 (7.8) | 1 (5.6) | 7 (4.9) | 1 (4.3) | 2 (10.5) | 0.940 |
Obstruction | 2 (3.9) | 0 | 1 (0.7) | 0 | 1 (5.3) | 0.424 |
Perforation | 0 | 0 | 2 (1.4) | 0 | 0 | 0.770 |
Ulcer recurrence | 5 (9.8) | 0 | 3 (2.1) | 3 (13) | 4 (21.1) | 0.016 |
Endoscopic findings n, (%) | ||||||
Gastric ulcer only | 10 (19.6) | 11 (61.1) | 42 (29.2) | 4 (17.4) | 2 (10.5) | 0.005 |
Duodenal ulcer only | 34 (66.7) | 3 (16.7) | 92 (63.9) | 15 (65.2) | 15 (78.9) | < 0.001 |
Both gastric and duodenal ulcers | 7 (13.7) | 4 (22.2) | 10 (6.9) | 4 (17.4) | 2 (10.5) | 0.427 |
Multiple ulcers | 9 (17.6) | 9 (50) | 40 (27.8) | 11 (47.8) | 4 (21.1) | 0.023 |
Gastric nodularity | 27 (52.9) | 0 | 8 (5.6) | 1 (4.3) | 5 (26.3) | < 0.001 |
Duodenal Nodularity | 2 (3.9) | 0 | 8 (5.6) | 0 | 0 | 0.519 |
Tissue eosinophils (count/HPF) n, (range) | ||||||
Upper esophagus | 0 (0–40) | 0 (0) | 0 (0–4) | 0 (0–3) | 0 (0–103) | < 0.001 |
Lower esophagus | 0 (0–27) | 0 (0) | 0 (0–24) | 0 (0) | 0 (0–100) | < 0.001 |
Stomach antrum | 0 (0–18) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–20) | 9 (0–12) | 5 (0–168) | < 0.001 |
Stomach body | 0 (0–18) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–20) | 0 (0–8) | 1 (0–55) | < 0.001 |
Duodenal bulb | 0 (0–53) | 0 (0–10) | 0 (0–18) | 9 (0–6) | 35 (0–84) | < 0.001 |
Duodenal 2nd | 0 (0–42) | 0 (0–10) | 0 (0–19) | 0 (0–25) | 25 (0–100) | < 0.001 |