Table 3 Selected Asian studies of core constipation symptoms
From: Frequency patterns of core constipation symptoms among the Asian adults: a systematic review
Reference/ Country | Sample /Age | Settings | Study design | Sampling | Sample size (response rate) | Diagnostic criteria |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Xin et al. (2014), China | Chronic constipation patient, 18–80 years old | One clinic | Cross-sectional | Purposive | 184 (100%): 166FC (Rome II) 174 FC (Rome III) | Rome II & Rome III |
Zhao et al. (2011), China | Adult, 18–80 years old | 5 regions of China | Cross-sectional | Randomized, stratified multistage | 16,078 (89%): 948FC 183 IBS-C | Rome II |
Dong et al. (2013), China | Volunteer students, 19–23 years old | One university | Cross-sectional | Random (study areas) | 4638 (92.76%): 253 FC | Rome III |
Yao et al. (2012), China | IBS patient, >20Â years old | Three hospitals | Cross-sectional | Purposive | 754 (97.2%): 108 IBS-C | Rome III |
Lu et al. (2006),Taiwan | Volunteer adult, ≥20 years old | One hospital | Cross-sectional | Convenience | 2018 (70.4%): 172 FC 54 IBS-C | Rome II |
Lee et al. (2014), South Korea | Self-reported constipation adult, 20–89 years old | One National Health Screening Program | Cross-sectional | Random | 625 (74.9%) | Rome III |
Gonlachanvit & Patcharatrakul (2005), Thailand | Chronic constipation patients, 30 to 70Â years old | One hospital | Cross-sectional | Purposive | 103FC (100%) | Rome II |
Jayasimhan et al. (2013), Malaysia | Outpatient, 20–78 years old | One clinic | Randomized-controlled trial | Purposive | 108FC (90%) | Rome III |
Kaboli et al. (2010), Iran | Households, ≥16 years old | 5 suburb cities in one province | Cross-sectional | Random (postal code) | 18,180 (92%): 459 FC | Rome III |
Shalmani et al. (2011), Iran | Households, ≥16 years old | 5 urban areas in one province | Cross-sectional | Cluster (postal code) | 18,180 (94%): 435 FC | Rome III |
Roshandel et al. (2006), Iran | Outpatient, >20Â years old | One clinic | Cross-sectional | Purposive | 1023 (100%): 115 FC 32 IBS-C | Rome II |