Skip to main content

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis of potential risk factors for infection in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding after endoscopic treatment

From: Predicting risk factors for rebleeding, infections, mortality following peptic ulcer bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and the impact of antibiotics prophylaxis at different clinical stages of the disease

Variable

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

Hazard ratio (95 % CI)

p-value

Hazard ratio (95 % CI)

p-value

Age

0.989 (0.968–1.010)

0.286

  

Male gender

1.171 (0.580–2.363)

0.660

  

Etiology of liver cirrhosis

    

  Alcoholic

1.869 (1.015–3.441)

0.045

1.842 (0.899–3.774)

0.095

  Viral hepatitis

0.769 (0.572–1.035)

0.083

  

  Cryptogenic

0.933 (0.582–1.498)

0.775

  

Decompensated cirrhosis

2.339 (1.273–4.298)

0.006

1.688 (0.707–4.043)

0.239

Rockall score

1.275 (1.048–1.552)

0.015

1.141 (0.944–1.381)

0.173

MELD score

1.061 (1.022–1.100)

0.002

1.048 (0.988–1.111)

0.121

Child-Pugh score

1.289 (1.113–1.493)

0.001

1.251 (1.080–1.449)

0.003

Other comorbidities

    

  Diabetes mellitus

1.272 (0.693–2.338)

0.437

  

  Hypertension

0.971 (0.537–1.757)

0.923

  

  CVD

0.483 (0.066–3.510)

0.472

  

  Stroke

0.412 (0.057–2.990)

0.380

  

  ESRD

1.661 (0.402–6.860)

0.483

  

  COPD

1.981 (0.837–4.686)

0.120

  

Use of NSAID or aspirin

0.127 (0.018–0.925)

0.042

0.182 (0.025–1.336)

0.094

Smoking

1.301 (0.725–2.335)

0.378

  

Active alcoholism

1.924 (1.075–3.446)

0.028

1.616 (0.789–3.310)

0.190

WBC (109/l)

1

0.804

  

Hb (g/dl)

0.899 (0.775–1.019)

0.090

  

PLT (109/l)

0.996 (0.991–1.001)

0.160

  

PT (second)

1.290 (0.781–2.129)

0.319

  

Creatinine (mg/dl)

0.958 (0.830–1.106)

0.562

  

Albumin (g/l)

0.921 (0.592–1.434)

0.716

  

Total bilirubin

1.071 (1.019–1.127)

0.008

1.006 (0.929–1.088)

0.887

Blood units transfused

1.016 (0.993–1.0140

0.181

  

Hypovolemic shock on admission

1.328 (0.525–3.362)

0.550

  

High risk bleeding stigmata at ulcer base

2.830 (0.686–11.68)

0.150

  

Time (h), bleeding to endoscopic treatment

1.026 (0.997–1.055)

0.077

  

Combined treatment of endoscopic hemostasis

0693 (0.385–1.248)

0.222

  

Recurrent bleeding

1.974 (1.075– 3.623)

0.028

1.601 (0.781–3.282)

0.906

Antibiotic prophylaxis

0.346 (0.167–0.719)

0.004

0.377 (0.180–0.786)

0.009

  1. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD, Cardiovascular disease; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; WBC, white blood cells; Hb, hemoglobin; PLT, platelet count; PT, prothrombin time
Back to article page

BMC Gastroenterology

ISSN: 1471-230X

Contact us