Outcomes | Intention-to-treat | ||
---|---|---|---|
Control (n = 68) | PRO (n = 66) | P Value | |
Septicemia incidence (%) | 88 (60/68) | 59 (39/66) | 0.008 |
ALT (U/L) | 56.20 ± 18.16 | 36.28 ± 18.92 | <0.001 |
AST (U/L) | 45.62 ± 22.68 | 36.18 ± 21.52 | 0.015 |
Intro-abdominal drainage time (d) | 4.2 ± 1.6 | 4.6 ± 1.8 | 0.176 |
Incision infection (%) | 12 (8/68) | 9 (6/66) | 0.779 |
Central lines infection (%) | 9 (6/68) | 11 (7/66) | 0.777 |
Pneumonia infection (%) | 12 (8/68) | 9 (6/66) | 0.097 |
Urinary infection (%) | 13 (9/68) | 2 (1/66) | 0.017 |
First defecation time (d) | 3.6 ± 1.8 | 2.8 ± 1.6 | 0.007 |
Diarrhea incidence (%) | 46 (31/68) | 24 (16/66) | 0.012 |
Urinary catheters time (d) | 7.1 ± 2.6 | 6.6 ± 2.8 | 0.286 |
Abdominal cramping (%) | 49 (33/68) | 23 (15/66) | 0.017 |
Abdominal distension (%) | 51 (35/68) | 33 (22/66) | 0.038 |
Intake time of fluid diet (d) | 3.6 ± 1.2 | 3.2 ± 1.8 | 0.131 |
Intake time of solid diet (d) | 5.2 ± 1.6 | 4.9 ± 1.6 | 0.280 |
Side effects of probiotic use | 0 | 0 | N/A |
Duration of postoperative pyrexia (>38.5°C) (d) | 6.98 ± 2.22 | 6.02 ± 1.68 | 0.006 |
Hypoalbuminemia (%) | 47 (32/68) | 27 (18/66) | 0.021 |
Cumulative duration of antibiotic therapy | 7.56 ± 2.26 | 6.22 ± 1.96 | <0.001 |
Postoperative hospital stay | 12.96 ± 3.06 | 11.26 ± 2.52 | <0.001 |
Hospital charge (Yuan) | 58262.36 ± 10262.36 | 52261.16 ± 12168.28 | 0.002 |
Death case | 0 | 0 | N/A |
Serum zonulin (ng/mg protein) | 1.36 ± 0.50 | 0.42 ± 0.36 | <0.001 |