Table 4 Association between the frequency of GERD symptoms and intake of certain food items (GERD patients vs. no-GERD population controls)
From: Dietary guideline adherence for gastroesophageal reflux disease
Frequency | > = Several times/week | Once a month to once a week | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | OR1 | 95% CI | N | OR1 | 95% CI | |||||
Case | Control | Case | Control | |||||||
Softdrinks2 | ||||||||||
None | 46 | 50 | 1.0 (ref) | 46 | 50 | 1.0 (ref) | ||||
>1/week | 97 | 70 | 1.54 | 0.93 | 2.58 | 31 | 47 | 0.75 | 0.41 | 1.39 |
Coffee3 | ||||||||||
None | 56 | 37 | 1.0 (ref) | 56 | 37 | 1.0 (ref) | ||||
2+/day | 83 | 53 | 0.98 | 0.56 | 1.72 | 47 | 27 | 1.25 | 0.65 | 2.39 |
Tea4 | ||||||||||
None | 29 | 36 | 1.0 (ref) | 29 | 36 | 1.0 (ref) | ||||
1+/day | 57 | 50 | 1.54 | 0.81 | 2.93 | 20 | 37 | 0.70 | 0.34 | 1.47 |
Alcohol5 | ||||||||||
None | 72 | 31 | 1.0 (ref) | 72 | 31 | 1.0 (ref) | ||||
<1 drink/day | 91 | 82 | 0.51 | 0.30 | 0.85 | 56 | 36 | 0.69 | 0.38 | 1.26 |
1+ drink/day | 53 | 82 | 0.68 | 0.35 | 1.30 | 30 | 37 | 0.88 | 0.42 | 1.85 |
Wine | ||||||||||
None | 48 | 51 | 48 | 51 | 1.0 (ref) | |||||
1 + glass/day | 56 | 111 | 0.64 | 0.37 | 1.10 | 36 | 47 | 1.02 | 0.54 | 1.91 |
Beer | ||||||||||
None | 31 | 57 | 1.0 (ref) | 31 | 57 | 1.0 (ref) | ||||
1 + drink/day | 35 | 120 | 0.52 | 0.28 | 0.96 | 28 | 59 | 0.89 | 0.46 | 1.71 |
Liquor | ||||||||||
None | 19 | 74 | 1.0 (ref) | 19 | 74 | 1.0 (ref) | ||||
1 + shot/day | 43 | 120 | 1.44 | 0.77 | 2.70 | 17 | 70 | 1.07 | 0.51 | 2.26 |
Citrus | ||||||||||
<2servings/week | 63 | 78 | 1.0 (ref) | 63 | 78 | 1.0 (ref) | ||||
2+/week | 69 | 118 | 0.62 | 0.40 | 0.98 | 55 | 132 | 1.03 | 0.62 | 1.69 |
Tomatoes | ||||||||||
None | 28 | 113 | 1.0 (ref) | 28 | 113 | 1.0 (ref) | ||||
1+/week | 55 | 171 | 1.35 | 0.80 | 2.28 | 31 | 91 | 1.44 | 0.80 | 2.59 |
Fried foods | ||||||||||
<1serving/week | 20 | 121 | 20 | 121 | 1.0 (ref) | |||||
1+ | 59 | 167 | 2.10 | 1.19 | 3.70 | 29 | 93 | 1.87 | 1.00 | 3.52 |
Total fat | ||||||||||
1st Tertile (<57 g/day) | 48 | 57 | 1.0 (ref) | 48 | 57 | 1.0 (ref) | ||||
2nd Tertile | 88 | 67 | 1.57 | 0.94 | 2.62 | 40 | 38 | 1.27 | 0.70 | 2.31 |
3rd T >90 g/day | 71 | 70 | 1.69 | 0.98 | 2.91 | 44 | 40 | 1.89 | 1.03 | 3.47 |
Portion size | ||||||||||
<20% large portion | 33 | 52 | 1.0 (ref) | 33 | 52 | 1.0 (ref) | ||||
40 +% | 61 | 71 | 1.23 | 0.75 | 2.02 | 33 | 43 | 1.01 | 0.57 | 1.77 |