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Table 3 Effect of Gluten Contamination Elimination Diet on celiac serology, main clinical symptoms and histologic findings

From: Trace gluten contamination may play a role in mucosal and clinical recovery in a subgroup of diet-adherent non-responsive celiac disease patients

Patient Serology before1 Serology after1 Symptoms before Symptoms after Biopsy before Biopsy after
1 High Neg Abdominal pain None   
2 High Neg Inadequate weight gain None   
3 High Neg Diarrhea, fatigue None Marsh 3a (RCD) Refused
4 High Neg Constipation None Marsh 3 (RCD)  
5 High Weak Pos None None Marsh 3a Marsh 1
6 High Weak Pos Elevated transaminases None Marsh 2  
7 High Weak Pos Constipation, fatigue None   Marsh 1
8 High Weak Pos Diarrhea None Marsh 1  
9 High High Diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating None Marsh 3a (RCD) Marsh 1
10 High High Fatigue, anxiety Fatigue, anxiety   Marsh 3a (RCD1)
11 Weak Pos Neg Diarrhea, abdominal pain None Marsh 2 Marsh 0
12 Weak Pos Neg Diarrhea None Marsh 1  
13 Weak Pos Weak Pos Inadequate weight gain Inadequate weight gain   
14 Neg Neg Diarrhea, bloating, fatigue None Marsh 0  
15 Neg Neg Abdominal pain, fatigue None Marsh 3a (RCD), VCE: Atrophy VCE : normal
16 Neg Neg Diarrhea, weight loss None Marsh 3b (RCD) Lost to follow-up
17 Neg Neg Diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating Diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating Marsh 3a (RCD) VCE : atrophy
  1. 1 Celiac serology defined as negative, weak positive or high using the cut-offs provided by the ELISA kit manufacturer. Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA was followed in 16/17 patients; anti-endomysial (EMA) IgA was followed in the remaining patient.
  2. Pos, positive; RCD, refractory celiac disease; RCD1, refractory celiac disease type 1; VCE, video capsule endoscopy.
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