Diagnosing celiac disease by video capsule endoscopy (VCE) when esophogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and biopsy is unable to provide a diagnosis: a case series

Table 1 Characteristics of patients who were diagnosed with celiac disease using video capsule endoscopy (VCE)

Pt No.	Sex/Age	Indication for evaluation of celiac disease	Family History	Antibody status	EGD	Biopsy
1	F/29	Osteoporosis	None*	+EMA	Normal	Normal
2	F/65	Peripheral neuropathy	None*	+AGA	Normal	Normal
3	F/20	Iron deficiency anemia	Sister	Negative	Normal	Normal
4	M/64	Diarrhea	None*	Negative	Normal	Normal
5	M/45	Diarrhea	None	+AGA	Declined	Not performed
6	M/58	Diarrhea	None	+EMA, TTG	Declined	Not performed
7	M/19	Screening for celiac disease due to family history	Father	+EMA, TTG	Not performed	Contraindicated - Hemophilia
8	F/16	Iron deficiency anemia	None†	+EMA, TTG	Not performed	Contraindicated - Von Willebrand disease

Abbreviations: anti-endomysial antibody (EMA), anti-gliadin antibody (AGA), anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody (TTG).
Immunoglobulins measured for AGA and TTG were IgG and IgA, respectively.
HLA typing when performed were denoted by * for DQ2 positive and † for DQ8 positive.

ISSN: 1471-230X