Diabetes, insulin use and Helicobacter pylori eradication: a retrospective cohort study

BMC Gastroenterology

Table 4 Odds ratios for Helicobacter pylori eradication for diabetes status, diabetes duration and insulin use

Diabetes-related variable	Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)
	Unadjusted		Adjusted
		Model I	Model II	Model III	Model IV
All subjects
Non-diabetes	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000
Diabetes	2.376 (2.275, 2.482)	1.644 (1.569, 1.723)	1.633 (1.558, 1.711)	1.132 (1.062, 1.208)	1.137 (1.065, 1.213)
All subjects
Non-diabetes	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000
Diabetes <1 year	3.596 (3.217, 4.020)	2.736 (2.444, 3.061)	2.721 (2.431, 3.045)	1.772 (1.522, 2.062)	1.772 (1.522, 2.062)
Diabetes 1-3 years	2.273 (2.062, 2.506)	1.695 (1.536, 1.871)	1.681 (1.523, 1.855)	1.293 (1.139 1.468)	1.289 (1.135, 1.463)
Diabetes 3-5 years	2.178 (1.977, 2.398)	1.587 (1.439, 1.750)	1.575 (1.428, 1.737)		1.053 (0.927, 1.196)
Diabetes ≥5 years	2.303 (2.182, 2.430)	1.513 (1.428, 1.602)	1.503 (1.419, 1.592)		1.022 (0.944, 1.106)
Diabetic patients only
Non-insulin users	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000
Insulin users	1.648 (1.459, 1.862)	1.495 (1.322, 1.690)	1.483 (1.311, 1.677)	1.319 (1.127, 1.543)	1.389 (1.178, 1.639)*

I: Adjusted for age and sex.
II: Adjusted for age, sex, occupation and living region.
III: Adjusted for age, sex, occupation, living region, panendoscopic examination (in 2005), hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stroke, nephropathy, ischemic heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, eye disease, obesity and dyslipidemia.
IV: Adjusted for age, sex, occupation, living region, panendoscopic examination (in 2005), hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stroke, nephropathy, ischemic heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, eye disease, obesity, dyslipidemia, statin, fibrate, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker and calcium channel blocker.
*Model IV in diabetic patients only was additionally adjusted for oral anti-diabetic agents including sulfonylurea, metformin, acarbose, pioglitazone and rosiglitazone.

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