Table 1 Basic characteristics of the included studies
From: Association between RUNX3 promoter methylation and gastric cancer: a meta-analysis
Study/Country | Mean/median age (range) (years) | Gender (M/F) | Patients (M+/M-) | Control (M+/M-) | Methods | Primary Aim | Methylation site | RUNX3 Expression |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Waki et al (2003)[26]/Japan | 64.3 (0.7-89) | 68/25 | 42/51 | 7/86A 4/15H | MSP, RT-PCR | Clarify the physiological consequence of DAP-kinase and RUNX3 age-related methylation in gastric epithelia | CpG islands | + |
Oshimo et al (2004)[14]/Japan | 68.8 (38-87) | 56/24 | 57/23 | 38/7H | MSP, qRT-PCR | Loss of RUNX3 expression by promoter hypermethylation in Gastric Carcinoma | CpG islands | + |
Nakase et al (2005)[27]/Japan | 65.4 | 81/32 | 14/8 | 6/16A | MSP, qRT-PCR | Determine whether alteration of RUNX3 gene expression could be detected in the normal-looking gastric remnant mucosa stomach after distal gastrectomy for peptic ulcer or gastric cancer | promoter hypermethylation | + |
Homma et al (2006)[28]/USA | 63 (30-85) | 28/17 | 43/2 | 43/2A | MSP | Clarify how methylation spreads within the CpG island | region NO.1 at CpG islands | - |
So et al (2006)[29]/Japan | 64 (30-82) | 17/9 | 11/5 | 6/20A | MSP, microarray | Use microarray-based methylation assay to assess gene methylation | CpG islands | - |
Mitsuno et al (2007)[30]/Japan | 63.2 (26-86) | 29/9 | 18/20 | Not reported | MSP | Determine whether DNA methylation in six cancer-related genes affects recurrence of gastric cancer in patients who received 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy | CpG islands | - |
Gargano et al (2007)[31]/Italy | Not reported | 65/35 | 22/18 | 2/38A | MSP | Investigate a possible relationship between the RUNX3 promoter methylation, nuclear microsatellite instability and mitochondrial microsatellite instability | CpG islands | - |
Fujii et al (2008)[32]/Japan | 62.8 (52-77) | 8/9 | 11/6 | Not reported | MSP, ChIP, RT-PCR | Enhancer of Zeste Homologue 2 (EZH2) down-regulates RUNX3 by increasing histone H3 methylation | CpG islands | + |
Kitajima et al (2008)[33]/Japan | 65.71 | 34/23 | 30/27 | 10/47A | MSP, PCR | Determine the Helicobacter pylori infection as an independent risk factor for Runx3 methylation in gastric cancer | CpG islands | + |
Li et al (2008)[34]/China | 62 (35-78) | 23/17 | 22/18 | 0/40A | MSP | Analyze the relationships among the aberrant methylation of RUNX3 gene promoter, the RUNX3 protein expression and clinicopathological features in gastric cancer | CpG islands | + |
Song et al (2008)[35]/Korea | 64 | 50/29 | 26/53 | 9/70A | MSP | Determine the methylation of RUNX3 promoter and the association between RUNX3 methylation and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with gastric carcinoma | CpG islands | - |
KIM et al (2009)[36]/Republic of Korea | 57.7 | 53/21 | 18/56 | 2/61A | MSP | Comparison of DNA methylation between primary and metastatic gastric carcinoma | promoter | - |
Zou et al (2009)[37]/China | 65.15 | 40/17 | 14/2 | 0/20H | MSP | Determine the methylation frequency of 5 genes, including p16, Runx3, MGMT, DAPK, and RASSF1A | CpG islands | + |
Chen et al (2010)[38]/China | 53 (20-78) | 20/50 | 28/42 | 2/68A | MSP, RT-PCR | Hypermethylation downregulates Runx3 gene expression and its restoration suppresses gastric epithelial cell growth by inducing p27 and caspase3 in human gastric cancer | CpG islands | + |
Hiraki et al (2010)[39]/Japan | 68.6 (45-88) | 30/19 | 28/21 | 14/35A | q-MS, qRT-PCR | Determine whether gene methylation is a novel diagnostic marker for micrometastasis to the lymph nodes (LNs) in gastric cancer | Promoter hypermethylation | + |
Hu et al (2010)[40]/China | 64.1 | 97/26 | 68/55 | 12/111A | MSP, RT-PCR | Pathobiologic implications of methylation and expression status of Runx3 and CHFR genes in gastric cancer | CpG islands | + |
Mikata et al (2010) [41]/Japan | 70 (56-85) | 14/7 | 10/11 | 4/17A | MS, qRT-PCR, RT-PCR | BCL2L10 hypermethylation in gastric cancer and its correlation with RUNX3 | CpG islands | - |