A population-based survey of the epidemiology of symptom-defined gastroesophageal reflux disease: the Systematic Investigation of Gastrointestinal Diseases in China

Table 6 Association of symptom-defined GERD with BMI and waist-to-hip ratio in participants who underwent a physical examination (20% sub-sample, n = 3214).

	With symptom-defined GERD^a (n = 110) n (%)	Without symptom-defined GERD^a (n = 3104) n (%)	Univariate OR (95% CI)	Multivariate OR^b (95% CI)
BMI (kg/m²)^c
<18.5	7 (6.4)	270 (8.7)	0.83 (0.37-1.85)	1.01 (0.45-2.29)
18.5-22.9	47 (42.7)	1504 (48.5)	1.00	1.00
23.0-27.4	41 (37.3)	1042 (33.6)	1.26 (0.82-1.93)	1.07 (0.68-1.68)
≥27.5	15 (13.6)	287 (9.2)	1.67 (0.92-3.03)	1.27 (0.65-2.46)
Waist-to-hip ratio
Men: <0.90; women: <0.83	56 (50.9)	1801 (58.0)	0.86 (0.55-1.35)	1.10 (0.68-1.79)
Men: 0.90-0.95; women: 0.83-0.90	31 (28.2)	859 (27.7)	1.00	1.00
Men: >0.95; women: >0.90	23 (20.9)	414 (13.3)	1.54 (0.89-2.67)	1.42 (0.79-2.53)

BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; OR, odds ratio; RDQ, Reflux Disease Questionnaire.
^aDefined as mild symptoms of heartburn and/or regurgitation occurring on at least 2 days a week (RDQ item frequency score ≥3 for a severity score of ≥2), or moderate-to-severe symptoms of heartburn and/or regurgitation occurring on at least 1 day a week (RDQ item frequency score ≥2 for a severity score ≥3).
^bAdjusted by age, sex and all variables in the table.
^cBMI ranges are appropriate for the Asian population (underweight: < 18.5 kg/m²; normal: 18.5-22.9 kg/m²; overweight: 23.0-27.4 kg/m²; obese: ≥27.5 kg/m²) [48].
NOTE: BMI data were missing for 1 participant, and waist-to-hip ratio data were missing for 30 participants.

ISSN: 1471-230X