Table 4 Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses with generalized estimating equation model for factors associated with Crohn’s perianal flare after delivery

Age at delivery

1 (0.9–1.2)

0.463

BMI > 30

1.4 (0.5–3.9)

0.526

Age at IBD diagnosis

1 (0.9–1.1)

0.914

More than 5 years between diagnosis and delivery

1.2 (0.37–4.1)

0.742

Smoking

2.1 (0.75–5.7)

0.162

Hypertension

4.9 (0.4–60)

0.209

Diabetes

2.9 (0.25–35)

0.390

Cardiac disease

2.4 (0.24–25)

0.448

Previous surgery for IBD

2.7 (1–7.2)

0.042

Ileocolonic involvement

3.3 (1.1–9.4)

0.030

Perianal disease before delivery

22 (7–69)

< 0.001

Number of deliveries

0.38 (0.2–0.7)

0.002

Vaginal delivery

0.19 (0.06–0.61)

0.005

Status of perianal disease

None

Ref.

Healed

Quiescent

Active

5.3 (0.9–32)

27 (8–99)

96 (21–446)

0.066

< 0.001

< 0.001

Steroids

Before delivery

During delivery

After delivery

Any time

2.3 (0.86–6)

2.9 (1–8.5)

1.7 (0.6–5)

2.5 (0.9–6.7)

0.100

0.049

0.352

0.077

Biologics

Before delivery

During delivery

After delivery

Any time

3.9 (1.4–10.5)

5.1 (1.9–13.6)

6.2 (2–19)

4.4 (1.4–13.6)

0.008

0.001

0.002

0.011

Immunomodulators

Before delivery

During delivery

After delivery

Any time

2.1 (0.8–5.6)

3 (0.55–17)

3 (1–9)

2.5 (0.9–6)

0.148

0.203

0.052

0.065

5-ASA

Before delivery

During delivery

After delivery

Any time

0.6 (0.2–1.7)

0.85 (0.2–3)

0.7 (0.2–2.1)

0.5 (0.2–1.5)

0.352

0.805

0.510

0.233

Antibiotics

Before delivery

During delivery

Any time

10 (2.4–46)

23 (6–88)

19.6 (7–54)

0.002

< 0.001

< 0.001