From: Effect of straining on diaphragmatic crura with identification of the straining-crural reflex. The "reflex theory" in gastroesophageal competence
Pressure (cm H2O)
Mean
Range
Basal
14.2 ± 2.4
9 – 18
Sudden straining
63.7 ± 10.4 *
49 – 84
Sustained straining
56.2 ± 7.5 *
43 – 73