| No LTSA during follow up | One or more period of LTSA during follow up |  |  | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | n | % | n | % | difference | Cohen's w** |
Total sample | 7422 | 53.5 | 6458 | 46.5 | Â | Â |
Age (mean/SD)*** | 43.1 | 1.54 | 43.2 | 1.55 | t(-1.8), df = 13878, p = 0.08 | - |
Gender |  |  |  |  | χ2 = 304.7, df = 1, p < 0.001 | 0.15 |
   Males | 4444 | 54.4 | 2250 | 39.4 |  |  |
   Females | 3722 | 45.6 | 3464 | 60.6 |  |  |
Highest education level |  |  |  |  | χ2 = 265.2, df = 2, p < 0.001 | 0.14 |
   Elementary school | 1058 | 13.0 | 1168 | 20.6 |  |  |
   Upper secondary school | 3592 | 44.3 | 2775 | 49.0 |  |  |
   Higher education | 3465 | 42.7 | 1724 | 30.4 |  |  |
Physical illness | 500 | 6.1 | 510 | 9.0 | χ2 = 39.3, df = 1, p < 0.001 | 0.05 |
BMI |  |  |  |  | χ2 = 26.4, df = 2, p < 0.001 | 0.04 |
   Normal (BMI < 25) | 4194 | 51.4 | 2889 | 50.6 |  |  |
   Overweight (BMI 25-30) | 3182 | 39.0 | 2114 | 37.0 |  |  |
   Obese (BMI >30) | 787 | 9.6 | 704 | 12.3 |  |  |
Smoking | 2460 | 30.1 | 2245 | 39.3 | χ2 = 126.0, df = 1, p < 0.001 | 0.10 |
Alcohol use |  |  |  |  | χ2 = 17.3, df = 3, p = 0.54 | - |
   Abstainer | 578 | 7.2 | 449 | 8.1 |  |  |
   Low consumption | 2535 | 31.6 | 1896 | 34.1 |  |  |
   Average consumption | 2618 | 32.7 | 1669 | 30.0 |  |  |
   High consumption | 2281 | 27.5 | 1542 | 27.8 |  |  |
Physical activity |  |  |  |  | χ2 = 32.2, df = 2, p < 0.001 | 0.05 |
   No activity | 1155 | 14.2 | 948 | 16.8 |  |  |
   Moderate | 3255 | 40.1 | 2367 | 41.9 |  |  |
   High | 3712 | 45.7 | 2329 | 41.3 |  |  |
Anxiety | 1129 | 13.8 | 1152 | 20.2 | χ2 = 98.3, df = 1, p < 0.001 | 0.08 |
Depression | 591 | 7.2 | 595 | 10.4 | χ2 = 43.4, df = 1, p < 0.001 | 0.06 |
Somatic symptoms | 1019 | 12.5 | 1356 | 23.7 | χ2 = 300.1, df = 1, p < 0.001 | 0.15 |