Table 5 Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors for prognosis of esophageal perforation patients

Age(years)

 ≤ 60

–

–

–

–

 > 60

1.763 (0.777–3.999)

0.175

–

–

Gender

 Male

–

–

–

–

 Female

1.213 (0.537–2.741)

0.640

–

–

Reason of injury

 Foreign body

–

–

–

–

 Non-foreign body

3.455 (1.222–9.763)

0.019

0.721 (0.173–3.013)

0.721

WBC (×10⁹/L)

 ≤ 10.02

–

–

–

–

 >10.02

2.993 (1.243–7.149)

0.014

2.229 (0.776–6.403)

0.025

Esophagitis or esophageal abscess

 No

–

–

–

–

 Yes

4.235 (1.601–11.206)

0.004

1.706 (0.526–5.535)

0.374

Hydrothorax

 No

–

–

–

–

 Yes

11.714 (4.467–30.723)

0.000

2.013 (0.622–6.513)

0.243

Chest or mediastinal emphysema

 No

–

–

–

–

 Yes

4.381 (1.728–11.105)

0.002

7.609 (2.418–23.946)

0.001

Location of perforation

 Cervical

–

–

–

–

 Upper thoracic

0.242 (0.036–1.633)

0.145

–

–

 Middle thoracic

0.438 (0.061–3.160)

0.413

–

–

 Lower thoracic

1.031 (0.147–7.226)

0.975

–

–

Time to treatment

 ≤ 24 h

–

–

–

–

 24–72 h

2.534 (1.064–7.337)

0.088

–

–

 > 72 h

4.351 (1.197–12.234)

0.010

3.407 (0.674–17.233)

0.018