Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients in the training cohort and validation cohort
Variables | Total, n = 309 (%) | Training cohort, n = 216(%) | Validation cohort, n = 93(%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | ||||
≦ 60 years | 210 (68.0) | 153 (70.8) | 57 (61.3) | 0.13 |
 > 60 years | 99 (32.0) | 63 (29.2) | 36 (38.7) | |
Sex | ||||
Female | 29 (9.4) | 23 (10.6) | 6 (6.5) | 0.343 |
Male | 280 (90.6) | 193 (89.4) | 87 (93.5) | |
Liver cirrhosis | ||||
No | 97 (31.4) | 65 (30.1) | 32 (34.4) | 0.538 |
Yes | 212 (68.6) | 151 (69.9) | 61 (65.6) | |
ECOG PS | ||||
0 | 63 (20.4) | 46 (21.3) | 17 (18.3) | 0.414 |
1 | 240 (77.7) | 167 (77.3) | 73 (78.4) | |
2 | 5 (1.6) | 3 (1.4) | 2 (2.2) | |
3 | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1(1.1) | |
Pre-RT AFP | ||||
 < 400 ng/ml | 195 (63.1) | 137 (63.4) | 58 (62.4) | 0.961 |
≧ 400 ng/ml | 114 (36.9) | 79 (36.6) | 35 (37.6) | |
HBV infection | ||||
No | 58 (18.8) | 38 (17.6) | 20 (21.5) | 0.516 |
Yes | 251 (81.2) | 178 (82.4) | 73 (78.5) | |
TBIL (mean (SD)) | 17.59 (12.96) | 17.10 (12.50) | 18.72 (13.88) | 0.315 |
Alb (mean (SD)) | 35.43 (4.57) | 35.63 (4.55) | 35.94 (4.58) | 0.232 |
Enlarged spleen | ||||
No | 134 (43.4) | 92 (42.6) | 42 (45.2) | 0.77 |
Yes | 175 (56.6) | 124 (57.4) | 51 (54.8) | |
Largest tumor size | ||||
≦ 6 cm | 155 (50.2) | 115 (53.2) | 40 (43.0) | 0.127 |
 > 6 cm | 154 (49.8) | 101 (46.8) | 53 (57.0) | |
Number of tumors | ||||
≦ 3 | 154 (49.8) | 116 (53.7) | 38 (40.9) | 0.052 |
 > 3 | 155 (50.2) | 100 (46.3) | 55 (59.1) | |
Macrovascular invasion | ||||
No | 130 (42.1) | 92 (42.6) | 38 (40.9) | 0.875 |
Yes | 179 (57.9) | 124 (57.4) | 55 (59.1) | |
Extrahepatic metastases | ||||
No | 183 (59.2) | 128 (59.3) | 55 (59.1) | 1 |
Yes | 126 (40.8) | 88 (40.7) | 38 (40.9) | |
BCLC stage | ||||
A | 26 (8.4) | 20 (9.3) | 6 (6.4) | 0.644 |
B | 33 (10.7) | 24 (11.1) | 9 (9.7) | |
C | 250 (80.9) | 172 (79.6) | 78 (83.9) | |
Child–Pugh class | ||||
A | 238 (77.0) | 167 (77.3) | 71 (76.3) | 0.969 |
B | 71 (23.0) | 49 (22.7) | 22 (23.7) | |
Prior treatment | ||||
TACE | 204 (66.0) | 143 (66.2) | 61 (65.6) | 1 |
RFA | 57 (18.4) | 41 (19.0) | 16 (17.2) | 0.834 |
Surgery | 149 (48.2) | 110 (50.9) | 39 (41.9) | 0.185 |
Targeted therapy | 25 (8.1) | 19 (8.8) | 6 (6.5) | 0.641 |
Immunotherapy | 12 (3.9) | 9 (4.2) | 3 (3.2) | 0.943 |
Concurrent treatment | ||||
Targeted therapy | 4 (1.3) | 3 (1.4) | 1 (1.1) | 1 |
Immunotherapy | 28 (9.1) | 18 (8.3) | 10 (10.8) | 0.643 |