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Table 3 The independent factors correlated with the primary and secondary outcomes

From: An extended 36-week oral esomeprazole improved long-term recurrent peptic ulcer bleeding in patients at high risk of rebleeding

Variables

Univariable analyses

Multivariable analyses

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

Pa

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

Pa

Primary outcomeb, ITT

 Ages

1.00 (0.97–1.04)

0.81

–

–

 Males

1.06 (0.42–2.96)

0.91

–

–

 ASA classification

2.84 (1.15–6.94)

0.02

2.65 (1.04–6.65)

0.04

 The Rockall score

1.72 (1.10–2.67)

0.02

1.31 (0.77–2.18)

0.31

 The extended PPI usec

0.10 (0.01–0.42)

0.01

0.10 (0.01–0.41)

0.01

Primary outcomeb, PP

 Ages

1.00 (0.97–1.04)

0.83

–

–

 Males

1.05 (0.41–2.92)

0.93

–

–

 ASA classification

3.13 (1.28–7.59)

0.01

2.59 (1.04–6.43)

0.04

 The Rockall score

1.79 (1.14–2.82)

0.01

1.36 (0.80–2.27)

0.25

 The extended PPI usec

0.13 (0.01–0.50)

0.02

0.13 (0.01–0.52)

0.02

Primary outcomeb, CRR

 Ages

1.00 (0.96–1.05)

0.94

–

–

 Males

1.85 (0.51–6.72)

0.35

–

–

 ASA classification

2.22 (1.67–2.96)

<0.001

2.14 (1.29–3.55)

0.003

 The Rockall score

1.59 (1.06–2.37)

0.03

1.26 (0.74–2.15)

0.40

 The extended PPI usec

0.11 (0.01–0.85)

0.04

0.11 (0.01–0.84)

0.03

Secondary outcomeb, ITT

 Ages

0.99 (0.96–1.01)

0.24

–

–

 Males

1.35 (0.68–2.87)

0.42

–

–

 ASA classification

1.10 (0.61–2.01)

0.75

–

–

 The Rockall score

1.74 (1.25–2.42)

0.001

1.74 (1.25–2.44)

0.001

 PPI-on-demand (vs. Group C)

0.35 (0.07–1.07)

0.12

0.38 (0.08–1.16)

0.15

 PPI-discontinued (vs. Group C)

0.99 (0.47–1.97)

0.98

1.10 (0.52–2.21)

0.79

Secondary outcomeb, CRR

 Ages

0.98 (0.96–1.01)

0.25

–

–

 Males

1.19 (0.52–2.73)

0.67

–

–

 ASA classification

1.18 (0.68–2.04)

0.56

–

–

 The Rockall score

1.52 (1.07–2.15)

0.02

1.53 (1.07–2.18)

0.02

 PPI-on-demand (vs. Group C)

0.47 (0.10–2.08)

0.32

0.52 (0.12–2.34)

0.39

 PPI-discontinued (vs. Group C)

1.24 (0.53–2.15)

0.61

1.36 (0.57–3.24)

0.48

  1. Abbreviations: ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, CI confidence interval, CRR competing-risks regression, ITT intention-to-treat, PP per-protocol, PPI proton pump inhibitor
  2. aThe COX hazard regression model or the competing risks regression analysis
  3. bThe primary and secondary outcomes were recurrent peptic ulcer bleeding during the 1st year and during the second year-and-thereafter after the first bleeding episode, respectively
  4. cThe extended PPI use included PPI use in groups D and S
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BMC Gastroenterology

ISSN: 1471-230X

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