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Table 4 Mediation analysis of hope on SDs and QOL

From: The impact of symptom distress on health-related quality of life in liver cancer patients receiving arterial chemoembolization: the mediating role of hope

Paths

a

b

c’

a*b

95% CI of a*b

c

SE

R2

SDs→hope→QOL

− 0.28

3.36

− 0.46

− 0.95

(− 1.47, − 0.45)

− 1.41

0.28

0.66

  1. Note: SDs = symptom distress, SE = standard error, QOL = quality of life, a = direct effect of symptom distress on hope, b = direct effect of hope on QOL, a*b = indirect effect, c = total effect of SDs on QOL, c’=direct effect of SDs on QOL.