Table 4 Descriptive analysis of partial economic evaluations for hepatocellular carcinoma
Author, year, publication type and country | Patient’s characteristics | Treatments | Microspheres | Analyses type/characteristics, source, and costs | Perspective/ time horizon | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TARE versus TACE and ablative therapy | ||||||
Ray, 2012 [34] Original article USA | BCLC-Aa | TARE versus TACE versus RFA | ND | CA/ Multiple scenarios for Medicare using a decision tree and Monte Carlo model Direct healthcare cost: Medicare reimbursement for hospital and repeat procedures comes from the literature | Payer/ 2 years | Estimated cost of each procedure Repetition rate to consider a strategy as optimal |
Ljuboja, 2021 [35] Original article USA | ND | TARE versus TACE versus ablative therapy | SIR-Spheres® | CA/TDABC (retrospective and prospective) carried out in a tertiary care hospital Direct health costs: In-hospital costs (from admission to discharge) of the treatments evaluated | Payer/1 year | Estimated cost of each procedure (estimate of 4 patients per alternative evaluated) Cost drivers |
TARE versus TACE and/or TKI | ||||||
Colombo, 2015 [31] Original article Italy | BCLC-B and BCLC-C | TARE versus TACE versus Sorafenib | SIR-Spheres® | CA/Retrospective in 4 centres. Data from 137 patients [BCLC-B (n = 80) and BCLC-C (n = 57)] out of a total of 285 Direct healthcare costs: Cost of treatments (TARE, TACE and sorafenib) and associated drugs, diagnostic and laboratory tests, administration (consumables and professionals) and monitoring (visits) | Payer/ 1 year | Estimated cost of each procedure Average number of treatments per year |
Muszbek, 2019 [33] Communication at congress United Kingdom | BCLC-Bb | TARE versus TACE | TheraSphere™ SIR-Spheres® | CA/Multiple scenarios of resource consumption (retrospective and expert) and costs (reference costs or microcosting) Direct health costs: Cost of treatments, administration, management of AE and hospitalisation costs | Payer/ ND | Estimated cost range for each alternative Cost drivers |
Hubert, 2016 [32] Communication at congress Canada | BCLC-B | TARE versus TACEe | TheraSphere™ | BIA/Epidemiological of a hospital Direct healthcare costs: Cost of treatments (pharmacological and devices), administration (key cost drivers) and management of AE | Payer/ 3 years | Annual (reimbursement) cost per alternative for a hospital treating 200 HCC patients annually |
BCLC-Cc | TARE versus sorafenib | |||||
TARE versus TKI | ||||||
Lucà, 2017 [36] Original article Italy | BCLC-B BCLC-C | TARE versus sorafenib | TheraSphere™ SIR-Spheres® | CA/Retrospective observational study (one centre), comparing a subgroup of sorafenib (SOR3)d with the TARE group Direct healthcare costs: Cost of treatments (drug and devices), administration, monitoring and hospitalisation costs | Payer/272 days | Estimated cost of each procedure OS rates |
Muszbek, 2019 [38] Communication at congress United Kingdom | BCLC-Cb | TARE versus sorafenib | ND | CA/Costs by health status obtained from literature, registers, and surveys (5 experts) Direct health costs (historical and current): administration, monitoring and hospitalisation costs Social care | Payer y social/ 1 month | Comparative cost of resources by state of health between 2007 and 2015 |
Rognoni, 2018 [37] Original article Italy | BCLC-B (Post-TACE) BCLC-Cc | TARE versus sorafenib | TheraSphere™ SIR-Spheres® | BIA/Markov Source: Three Italians oncology centres Direct healthcare costs: Cost of treatments (pharmacological and devices), administration, monitoring, hospitalisation costs and AE management and second-line treatments | Payer/5 years and lifetime | Estimated cost of each procedure Economic impact No. of deaths avoided No. of hospitalisations |
Pollock, 2020 [39] Original article United Kingdom | BCLC-B (not eligible to TACE) BCLC-C (eligible) | TARE versus TKIs [95% sorafenib/ lenvatinib 5%] | SIR-Spheres® | BIA/Markov Source: CT SARAH | Payer/3 years | Economic impact in Spain, France, Italy and United Kingdom |