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Table 1 Characteristics of study subjects based on abdominal obesitya and metabolically healthy/unhealthyb for females

From: Abdominal obesity phenotypes are associated with the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: insights from the general population

Variables

Total

(n = 6840)

Metabolically healthy

Metabolically unhealthy

MH−AO−

(n = 4567)

MH−AO+

(n = 868)

MH+AO−

(n = 1250)

MH+AO+

(n = 155)

Age, years

43.22 (8.78)

42.03 (8.40)

46.18 (8.56)

44.82 (9.23)

48.97 (9.00)

Height, cm

158.28 (5.38)

158.39 (5.36)

158.91 (5.43)

157.52 (5.43)

157.57 (4.81)

Weight, kg

52.65 (7.85)

50.19 (5.64)

63.45 (7.88)

52.30 (6.14)

67.20 (9.22)

BMI, kg/m2

21.01 (2.93)

20.00 (2.00)

25.13 (2.89)

21.08 (2.29)

27.06 (3.38)

WC, cm

71.67 (8.07)

68.72 (5.52)

85.05 (5.09)

71.13 (5.49)

88.14 (7.56)

ALT, U/L

14.00 (11.00–17.00)

13.00 (11.00–16.00)

15.00 (12.00–20.00)

13.00 (11.00–17.00)

19.00 (14.00–26.00)

AST, U/L

16.00 (13.00–19.00)

16.00 (13.00–19.00)

17.00 (14.00–20.00)

16.00 (13.00–19.00)

18.00 (15.00–22.00)

GGT, U/L

12.00 (10.00–15.00)

11.00 (9.00–14.00)

13.00 (11.00–18.00)

12.00 (10.00–15.00)

16.00 (13.00–22.00)

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.64 (0.38)

1.76 (0.33)

1.51 (0.33)

1.36 (0.38)

1.15 (0.20)

TC, mmol/L

5.09 (0.88)

5.03 (0.82)

5.33 (0.86)

5.04 (1.01)

5.69 (0.97)

TG, mmol/L

0.66 (0.41)

0.51 (0.37–0.69)

0.72 (0.52–1.02)

0.71 (0.50–1.04)

1.59 (0.97–2.02)

FPG, mmol/L

4.98 (0.39)

4.88 (0.33)

5.13 (0.38)

5.18 (0.45)

5.51 (0.36)

HbA1c, %

5.19 (0.32)

5.14 (0.30)

5.31 (0.32)

5.24 (0.34)

5.47 (0.34)

SBP, mmHg

109.28 (14.28)

105.81 (11.40)

117.16 (13.52)

113.73 (17.29)

131.27 (20.06)

DBP, mmHg

67.56 (9.75)

65.32 (8.03)

72.33 (9.21)

70.71 (11.69)

81.73 (12.79)

Exercise habits

     

No

5761 (84.23%)

3812 (83.47%)

766 (88.25%)

1045 (83.60%)

138 (89.03%)

Yes

1079 (15.77%)

755 (16.53%)

102 (11.75%)

205 (16.40%)

17 (10.97%)

Drinking status

Non or small

6451 (94.31%)

4295 (94.04%)

821 (94.59%)

1186 (94.88%)

149 (96.13%)

Light

389 (5.69%)

272 (5.96%)

47 (5.41%)

64 (5.12%)

6 (3.87%)

Smoking status

Non

6036 (88.25%)

4048 (88.64%)

755 (86.98%)

1098 (87.84%)

135 (87.10%)

Past

406 (5.94%)

272 (5.96%)

61 (7.03%)

67 (5.36%)

6 (3.87%)

Current

398 (5.82%)

247 (5.41%)

52 (5.99%)

85 (6.80%)

14 (9.03%)

NAFLD

478 (6.99%)

79 (1.73%)

212 (24.42%)

95 (7.60%)

92 (59.35%)

  1. Values were expressed as mean (standard deviation) or medians (quartile interval) or n (%).MH−AO−: metabolically healthy non-abdominal obese; MH−AO+: metabolically healthy abdominal obese; MH+AO−: metabolically unhealthy non-abdominal obese; MH+AO.+: metabolically unhealthy abdominal obese; BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: gamma-glutamyl transferase; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
  2. aAbdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference ≥ 80 cm
  3. bMetabolically unhealthy was defined as having > one component (except waist circumference criteria) of metabolic syndrome according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III definition
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BMC Gastroenterology

ISSN: 1471-230X

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