Table 3 Baseline characteristics at time of EBD, endoscopic treatment, follow-up time, and the outcome of patients undergoing follow-up endoscopy (n = 71)
Total | Presence of ulcer at the stricture | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | |||
Variables | 71 (100.0%) | 27 (38.0%) | 44 (62.0%) | |
Baseline | ||||
Sex, n (%) | ||||
Men | 58 (81.7%) | 22 (81.5%) | 36 (81.8%) | 1.000† |
Women | 13 (18.3%) | 5 (18.5%) | 8 (18.2%) | |
Median age at diagnosis of CD, years (range) | 28 (3, 63) | 32 (12, 63) | 27 (3, 60) | |
Age at diagnosis of CD, n (%) | ||||
< 17 | 8 (11.3%) | 4 (14.8%) | 4 (9.1%) | 0.645† |
17–40 | 49 (69.0%) | 17 (63.0%) | 32 (72.7%) | |
> 40 | 14 (19.7%) | 6 (22.2%) | 8 (18.2%) | |
Median disease duration, years (range) | 5.41 (0.00, 32.58) | 3.53 (0.12, 31.99) | 7.41 (0.00, 32.58) | |
Smoking, n (%) | ||||
Never | 48 (67.6%) | 17 (63.0%) | 31 (70.5%) | 0.439† |
Current | 13 (18.3%) | 7 (25.9%) | 6 (13.6%) | |
Ex-smoker | 10 (14.1%) | 3 (11.1%) | 7 (15.9%) | |
Previous intestinal resection, n (%) | ||||
No | 43 (60.6%) | 22 (81.5%) | 21 (47.7%) | 0.006†* |
Yes | 28 (39.4%) | 5 (18.5%) | 23 (52.3%) | |
Perianal involvement, n (%) | ||||
No | 48 (67.6%) | 22 (81.5%) | 26 (59.1%) | 0.068† |
Yes | 23 (32.4%) | 5 (18.5%) | 18 (40.9%) | |
Disease location, n (%) | ||||
L1 | 40 (56.3%) | 17 (63.0%) | 23 (52.3%) | 0.378‡ |
L3 | 31 (43.7%) | 10 (37.0%) | 21 (47.7%) | |
Median CDAI score, (range) | 76.8 (0.00, 269.2) | 68.99 (3.94, 198.2) | 79.2 (0.00, 269.2) | |
CDAI score, n (%) | ||||
< 150 | 62 (87.3%) | 25 (92.6%) | 37 (84.1%) | 0.467† |
≥ 150 | 9 (12.7%) | 2 (7.4%) | 7 (15.9%) | |
Median CRP at time of EBD, mg/L (range) | 0.8 (0.2, 66.4) | 0.8 (0.2, 13.2) | 0.8 (0.2, 66.4) | |
CRP at time of EBD, n (%) | ||||
≤ 4 mg/L | 56 (78.9%) | 25 (92.6%) | 31 (70.5%) | 0.036†* |
> 4 mg/L | 15 (21.1%) | 2 (7.4%) | 13 (29.5%) | |
Endoscopic findings | ||||
Stricture length, n (%) | ||||
< 2 cm | 67 (94.4%) | 24 (88.9%) | 43 (97.7%) | 0.151† |
≥ 2 cm | 4 (5.6%) | 3 (11.1%) | 1 (2.3%) | |
Anastomotic site stricture, n (%) | ||||
No | 64 (90.1%) | 25 (92.6%) | 39 (88.6%) | 0.701† |
Yes | 7 (9.9%) | 2 (7.4%) | 5 (11.4%) | |
Location of stricture, n (%) | ||||
TI | 16 (22.5%) | 6 (22.2%) | 10 (22.7%) | 0.777† |
PI | 50 (70.4%) | 20 (74.1%) | 30 (68.2%) | |
J | 5 (7.0%) | 1 (3.7%) | 4 (9.1%) | |
Concomitant treatment | ||||
Corticosteroid, n (%) | ||||
No | 62 (87.3%) | 23 (85.2%) | 39 (88.6%) | 0.723† |
Yes | 9 (12.7%) | 4 (14.8%) | 5 (11.4%) | |
5-aminosalicylate, n (%) | ||||
No | 25 (35.2%) | 10 (37.0%) | 15 (34.1%) | 0.801‡ |
Yes | 46 (64.8%) | 17 (63.0%) | 29 (65.9%) | |
Anti-TNF, n (%) | ||||
No | 35 (49.3%) | 13 (48.1%) | 22 (50.0%) | 0.880‡ |
Yes | 36 (50.7%) | 14 (51.9%) | 22 (50.0%) | |
Immunomodulator, n (%) | ||||
No | 45 (63.4%) | 18 (66.7%) | 27 (61.4%) | 0.801† |
Yes | 26 (36.6%) | 9 (33.3%) | 17 (38.6%) | |
Anti-TNF + Immunomodulator, n (%) | ||||
No | 59 (83.1%) | 23 (85.2%) | 36 (81.8%) | 1.000† |
Yes | 12 (16.9%) | 4 (14.8%) | 8 (18.2%) | |
Endoscopic treatment and follow-up time | ||||
Balloon dilation diameter, n (%) | ||||
< 15 mm | 35 (49.3%) | 7 (25.9%) | 28 (63.6%) | 0.003†* |
≥ 15 mm | 36 (50.7%) | 20 (74.1%) | 16 (36.4%) | |
Median time between EBD and follow-up endoscopy, days (range) | 371 (89, 1843) | 369 (130, 1843) | 372 (89, 1163) | 0.619§ |
Outcome | ||||
Redilation at follow-up endoscopy | ||||
No | 18 (25.4%) | 12 (44.4%) | 6 (13.6%) | 0.005†* |
Yes | 53 (74.6%) | 15 (55.6%) | 38 (86.4%) | |