Table 5 Associations of environmental conditions and fecal biomarkers of EED in children aged 24–59 months in rural northwest Ethiopia, May to June 2021

Age of children

 24–35 months

–

Reference

Reference

Reference

 36–47 months

–

417.86 (− 319.76, 1155.47)

127.80 (− 78.31, 333.91)

 − 0.78 (− 1.41, − 0.15)*

 48–59 months

–

714.00 (80.92, 1347.08)*

 − 195.81 (− 372.53, − 19.09)*

 − 1.267 (− 1.88, − 0.66)***

Households defecation practice

 Open field

4.85 (− 8.21, 17.92)

884.80 (265.25, 1504.36)**

91.55 (− 81.61, 264.71)

0.71 (0.20, 1.23)**

 Sanitary latrine

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Mouthing of soil contaminated materials

 Yes

 − 12.58 (− 32.73, 7.56)

1236.34 (275.32, 2197.35)*

383.79 (117.63, 649.96)**

0.97 (0.18, 1.76)*

 No

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

E. coli recovered in soil

 Yes

25.20 (4.25, 46.15)*

375.20 (− 618.00, 1370.39)

396.02 (119.98, 672.06)**

1.00 (0.18, 1.82)*

 No

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

E. coli recovered in water

 Yes

5.27 (− 11.88, 22.42)

1865.46 (1035.41, 2695.51)***

151.71 (− 79.68, 383.10)

1.53 (0.85, 2.22)***

 No

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

E. coli recovered in food

 Yes

4.44 (− 10.76, 19.63)

758.50 (26.31, 1490.70)*

133.86 (− 70.51, 338.23)

0.45 (− 0.16, 1.06)

 No

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Intestinal parasites

 No

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Single parasites

80.03 (62.00, 98.07)***

85.94 (− 768.95, 940.84)

236.39 (− 2.41, 475.18)

1.40 (0.69, 2.11)***

Multiple parasites

106.09 (82.91, 129.27)***

1564.85 (445.57, 2684.12)**

363.86 (52.07, 675.65)*

2.69 (1.79, 3.61)***