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Table 2 The time-trend of dysphagia-free period with post-ESD RES in the model of HLM

From: Long-term outcomes of refractory esophageal strictures after endoscopic submucosal dissection of superficial esophageal neoplasms

Fixed effects

 

Parameter (SE)

P

Times

Intercept (d)

85.9 (8.4)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

6.9 (0.9)

 < 0.001

Patient characteristics

Sex

Female–reference category

Intercept (d)

86.1 (8.5)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

3.5 (17.2)

0.841

Male

Intercept (d)

7.3 (0.9)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

4.5 (1.8)

0.013

Age

 

Intercept (d)

86.1 (8.5)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

− 1.0 (1.2)

0.416

Slope

Intercept (d)

8.2 (0.9)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

− 0.5 (0.2)

 < 0.001

Lesion characteristics

Circumferential ratio

 ≥ 50%, < 100%–reference category

Intercept (d)

86.4 (8.5)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

− 12.2 (18.0)

0.500

100%

Intercept (d)

7.1 (1.0)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

− 0.75 (2.1)

0.727

Infiltration depth

 

Intercept (d)

86.1 (8.5)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

− 3.1 (8.2)

0.002

Slope

Intercept (d)

7.2 (0.9)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

2.9 (0.9)

0.002

Stricture length

 

Intercept (d)

115.8 (19.7)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

− 6.4 (3.8)

0.100

Slope

Intercept (d)

9.0 (3.2)

0.005

 

Time-trend (d/time)

− 0.3 (0.48)

0.497

Number

One-reference category

Intercept (d)

80.0 (8.0)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

39.6 (31.7)

0.099

Two or more

Intercept (d)

7.6 (1.0)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

− 2.0 (1.9)

0.292

Location

 

Intercept (d)

86.0 (8.5)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

7.1 (7.6)

0.689

Slope

Intercept (d)

7.0 (0.9)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

0.7 (1.9)

0.730

Therapy characteristics

Initial dysphagia-free period

 

Intercept (d)

84.8 (14.9)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

0.01 (0.2)

0.924

Slope

Intercept (d)

10.8 (2.1)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

− 0.08 (0.04)

0.050

Therapy

Dilation–reference category

Intercept (d)

86.3 (8.3)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

− 20.9 (16.8)

0.218

Dilation + Prednisone

Intercept (d)

8.0 (0.9)

 < 0.001

 

Time-trend (d/time)

− 8.7 (1.8)

 < 0.001

  1. RES: Refractory esophageal strictures
  2. SE: Standard error
  3. HLM: Hierarchical linear model
  4. The intercept and time-trend indicate the estimated point and the degree of change