Table 1 General characteristics, energy and physical activity
Variables | Case (n = 115) | Control (n = 102) | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 44.22 ± 10.35 | 43.52 ± 12.14 | 0.64 |
Sex | |||
Female | 65 | 57 | 0.92 |
Male | 50 | 45 | |
Weight (kg) | 84.6 ± 16.34 | 68.98 ± 11.57 | 0.00 |
Height | 160.61 ± 24.57 | 163.02 ± 18.31 | 0.42 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 30.39 ± 4.10 | 25.26 ± 3.94 | 0.00 |
WC (cm) | 102.78 ± 12.62 | 93.36 ± 9.78 | 0.00 |
HC (cm) | 111.13 ± 9.77 | 102.40 ± 8.34 | 0.00 |
Fat mass | 37.60 ± 10.22 | 31 ± 9.8 | 0.00 |
Muscle mass | 27.89 ± 5.58 | 29.59 ± 6.27 | 0.03 |
Visceral fat | 11.51 ± 3.46 | 7.12 ± 2.84 | 0.00 |
Blood pressure (BP) | |||
Systolic BP | 129.28 ± 19.16 | 115.99 ± 13.30 | 0.00 |
Diastolic BP | 74.89 ± 9.35 | 71.47 ± 9.25 | 0.00 |
FBS | 120.77 ± 47.74 | 107.14 ± 26.07 | 0.01 |
TG | 200.51 ± 89.62 | 141.07 ± 69 | 0.00 |
TC | 185.21 ± 46.73 | 165.42 ± 44.86 | 0.32 |
LDL-c | 114.59 ± 35.77 | 103.44 ± 34.83 | 0.02 |
HDL-c | 42.08 ± 9.34 | 45.73 ± 18.07 | 0.06 |
AST | 28.59 ± 14.90 | 17.58 ± 5.51 | 0.00 |
ALT | 42.13 ± 34.78 | 19.75 ± 8.61 | 0.00 |
Job | |||
Housewife | 59 | 40 | 0.20 |
Employee | 30 | 33 | |
Self-employment | 26 | 29 | |
Education | |||
High school | 44 | 34 | |
Diploma | 33 | 22 | 0.31 |
Associate degree | 5 | 5 | |
Bachelor's and higher | 33 | 41 | |
Diabetes | |||
No | 76 | 26 | 0.22 |
Yes | 77 | 38 | |
PA (MET-min/week) | |||
< 1 h | 32 | 70 | |
> 1 h | 48 | 67 | 0.11 |
Energy intake (Kcal) | 2274.08 ± 670.25 | 2050.12 ± 722.69 | 0.01 |